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Pull factors are those associated with the place of destination. Most often these are economic such as better job opportunities or the availability of good land to farm. The latter was an important factor in attracting settlers to the United States during the nineteenth century. In general, pull factorsadd up to an apparently better chance for a good life and material well-being than is a choice between several attractive potential destinations; the deciding factor might be a non-economic consideration such as the presence of relatives, friends, or a least fellow countrymen already yestablished in the new place who are willing to help the newcomer settle in. Considerations of this sort lead to the development of migratory streams. Besides push and pull factors, there are what the sociologists call "intervening obstacle" ——deterrents to migration. Even if push and/or pull factors are very strong they still may be out weighed by intervening obstacles, such as the distance of the move, the trouble and cost of moving, the difficulty of entering the new country, and the problems likely to be encountered on arrival. The decision to move is also influenced by "personal factors" of the prospective migrant. The same push-pull factors and obstacles operate differently on different people, sometimes because they are at different stages of their lives, or just because of their varying abilities and person alities.The prospect of pulling up stakes and moving to a new and perhaps very strange environment may appear interesting and challenging to a young, footloose man and appallingly difficult to a slightly older man with a wife and young children. Similarly, the need to learn a new language and customs may intrigue one person and frighten another. Regardless of why people move, migration of large numbers of people causes friction. The United States and other "receiving" countries （the term used for countries that welcome large numbers of migrants） have experien