中国履行《生物多样性公约》第四次国家报告

本书特色

《中国履行第4次国家报告》由中国-欧盟生物多样性项目资助出版。

内容简介

生物多样性是指所有来源的形形色色的生物体，这些来源包括陆地、海洋和淡水生态系统及其所构成的生态综合体，包括物种内部、物种之间和生态系统的多样性。中国是世界上生物多样性*丰富的国家之一，拥有高等植物35000多种、脊椎动物6347种。中国不仅物种丰富，而且物种特有程度高，高等植物特有种约有17300种，脊椎动物特有种达667种。中国的遗传资源也十分丰富，是世界上农作物八大起源中心之一。
　　生物多样性是社会经济可持续发展的战略性资源，具有多方面的价值，在提供食物、工业原料、医药等来源，维系自然界物质循环、能量转换、净化环境、改良土壤、控制病虫害、涵养水源、保持水土、调节小气候、促进生物进化和自然演替等方面发挥着重要的作用。例如，农业和林业直接依赖于生物多样性；第二产业的许多行业直接以生物资源及其产品为原料；旅游、餐饮等服务业也基于生物多样性的各种功能；生物多样性是传统医药和现代医药的源泉，数千年来传统医药一直是维系人类健康的基础，即使是现代医药，其主要化学成分也来自于生物资源。

节选

相关资料

插图：Since the 1950s, China launched a number of large-scale national or regional investigationson biological resources. Over the recent years, China completed the National Survey onBiological Environment Status, the 6th National Forest Resources Inventory, National WetlandResources Investigation, National Wildlife Resources Investigation, the 3rd Giant PandaResources Investigation and National Investigation on the Status of Genetic Resources ofLivestock and Poultry Breeds. Currently China is conducting the National Investigation on KeyBiological Resources and the Special National Investigation on the Status of Typical MarineEcological Environment. Based up such investigations, China published a large number ofchorographic books, such as the Flora of China, which was completed in 2004 and contains 126published books in 80 volumes, the Fauna Sinica, with 115 volumes already published and theSpore Flora of China, with 63 volumes published. In addition, considerable local floras andfaunas were published.China established 2,389 environmental monitoring stations at all levels, which form acomparatively complete environmental monitoring system and enable long-term and timedmonitoring of the environment in most regions across the country, a national forest resourcesmonitoring system and 4 forest resources monitoring centers in northeast, east, northwest andsouth central China, more than 800 key prefecture- （city-, county-） level agriculturalenvironment monitoring institutions and the national network for the monitoring of coastalwaters environment, a three-dimensional marine environment monitoring network with shore-,sea- and space-based monitoring platforms, the China Ecosystem Research Network and 36 fieldresearch stations and a number of forest ecosystem monitoring sample plots at ChangbaiMountains, Dongling Mountian, Shennongjia, Gutian Mountain, Dinghu Mountain andXishuangbanna. Some national