微整形注射解剖学

**章 面、颈部解剖学概述.......................................................1 美学术语.......................................................................................2 基础美学术语.......................................................................2 面部分层....................................................................................... 7 皮肤分层............................................................................... 7 皮肤厚度..............................................................................10 面部表情肌及其运动..................................................................10 额部......................................................................................15 颞部......................................................................................16 眶区......................................................................................18 鼻区.....................................................................................20 口周肌肉.............................................................................24 面部 SMAS 分层及韧带.............................................................36 面部神经及其分布......................................................................41 感觉神经的分布.................................................................42 上面部.................................................................................43 中面部.................................................................................45 下面部.................................................................................47 神经阻滞麻醉.............................................................................48 眶上神经阻滞（SON 阻滞）..............................................49 滑车上神经阻滞（STN 阻滞）...........................................50 眶下神经阻滞（ION 阻滞）...............................................50 颧颞神经阻滞（ZTN 阻滞）..............................................52 颏神经阻滞（MN 阻滞）....................................................52 颊神经阻滞（BN 阻滞）....................................................54 下牙槽神经阻滞（IAN 阻滞）...........................................55 耳颞神经阻滞（ATN 阻滞）..............................................56 耳大神经阻滞（GAN 阻滞）..............................................56 面部血管及其分布.....................................................................57 头面部的血供.....................................................................57 眼动脉的面部分支.............................................................59 上颌动脉的面部分支..........................................................61 面动脉.................................................................................62 颞浅动脉.............................................................................65 面静脉.................................................................................66 静脉的连接......................................................................... 70 颅面骨的体表标志..................................................................... 70 35 个面部解剖的体表标志................................................ 70 颅骨的体表标志................................................................. 72 表面解剖............................................................................. 73 面部肌肉的运动及褶皱形成............................................. 74 东亚人颅面骨的特征................................................................. 75 衰老过程的解剖.........................................................................80 面部组织的老化过程..........................................................81 面容衰老的复杂变化.........................................................84 参考文献.....................................................................................85 第二章 肉毒素注射的临床解剖学............................................91 引言.............................................................................................92 肉毒素治疗皱纹的适应证.................................................92 肌力代偿性再平衡.............................................................94 肉毒素的除皱治疗.....................................................................97 眼角纹（鱼尾纹）.............................................................97 下睑纹................................................................................100 额纹....................................................................................102 眉间纹................................................................................103 鼻背纹................................................................................ 110 鼻尖下垂.............................................................................111 露龈笑................................................................................ 114 鼻唇沟................................................................................ 115 不对称笑容的矫正及面瘫的治疗.................................... 118 鼻翼带................................................................................120 唇纹....................................................................................122 口角下垂............................................................................123 鹅卵石样外观....................................................................129 颈阔肌条索（火鸡颈）.................................................... 131 肉毒素与面部轮廓....................................................................136 咬肌肥大............................................................................136 颞肌肥大............................................................................ 141 唾液腺肥大........................................................................144 参考文献....................................................................................147 第三章 上面部注射填充的临床解剖......................................150 额部和眉间................................................................................ 151 临床解剖............................................................................ 151 注射点和方法....................................................................154 常见并发症........................................................................163 眼窝凹陷和卧蚕........................................................................163 临床解剖............................................................................163 注射点和方法....................................................................166 常见并发症........................................................................170 颞部............................................................................................ 171 临床解剖............................................................................ 171 注射点和方法....................................................................174 常见并发症........................................................................180 参考文献....................................................................................180 第四章 中面部注射填充的临床解剖...................................... 181 泪沟............................................................................................182 临床解剖............................................................................182 注射点和方法....................................................................186 鼻颧沟........................................................................................188 临床解剖............................................................................188 注射点和方法.................................................................... 191 睑颧沟........................................................................................193 临床解剖............................................................................193 注射点和方法....................................................................194 鼻唇沟........................................................................................195 临床解剖............................................................................195 注射点和方法....................................................................201 面颊凹陷...................................................................................204 临床解剖...........................................................................204 注射点和方法...................................................................207 颧骨下凹陷...............................................................................208 临床解剖...........................................................................208 注射点和方法...................................................................209 鼻................................................................................................210 临床解剖............................................................................210 注射点和方法....................................................................219 补充：东亚人内眦静脉的解剖........................................221 参考文献...................................................................................222 第五章 下面部注射填充的临床解剖.....................................225 唇...............................................................................................226 临床解剖...........................................................................226 注射点和方法...................................................................228 唇部血管的局部解剖........................................................231 下颏...........................................................................................234 临床解剖...........................................................................235 注射点和方法...................................................................237 常见并发症.......................................................................239 口周皱纹...................................................................................242 临床解剖...........................................................................242 注射点和方法...................................................................242 常见并发症.......................................................................244 木偶纹和下颌软组织松垂.......................................................244 临床解剖...........................................................................245 注射点和方法...................................................................246 常见并发症.......................................................................248 注射填充伴随症状的解剖学思考...........................................248 血管损伤...........................................................................248 减少栓塞的一些方法细节...............................................252 参考文献...................................................................................253