中国历史常识（中英对照）

中国古代史
Period before the Opium War of 1840
中国历史的开篇——先秦
The Dawn of Chinese History—The Pre-Qin Period
概述 Introduction
中国境内*早的人类 The Earliest Human Beings in China
开天辟地的创世神话 The Great Myth of the Creation of Man in Ancient China
华夏之祖 Ancestors of the Chinese Nation
大禹治水 Yu the Great Harnesses the Flood
武王伐纣 King Wu Attacks King Zhou
周公东征 Duke Zhous Conquest of the East
春秋五霸 The Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period
战国七雄 The Seven Powers of the Warring States Period
大教育家孔子 Confucius,the Great Educator
诸子百家 The "Hundred Schools of Thought" and Their Exponents
世界**部兵书——《孙子兵法》 The Art of War—The World First Treatise on Military Science
封建大一统时期——秦、汉
The Period of Great Feudal Unity—The Qin and Han Dynasties
概述 Introduction
中国的**位皇帝——秦始皇 Qinshihuang,the First Emperor in Chinese History
万里长城 The Great Wall
大泽乡起义 The Dazexiang Uprising
刘邦与项羽 Liu Bang and Xiang Yu
汉武大帝 Emperor Wudi the Great of the Han Dynasty
张骞出使西域 Zhang Qians Mission to the Western Regions
昭君出塞 Zhaojun Goes Beyond the Great Wall as a Bride
司马迁与《史记》 Sima Qian and His Records of the historian
科学家张衡 Zhang Heng,a Pioneering Scientist
“医圣”张仲景与“外科鼻祖”华佗 Zhang Zhongjing,the Saint of Medicine and Hua Tuo,the Founder of Surgery
封建国家的分裂和民族大融合时期——三国、两晋、南北朝
The Division of China Once More and the Intermingling of Ethnic Groups—The Three Kingdoms,the Two Jin Dynasties and the Southern and Northern Dynasties
概述 Introduction
曹橾 Cao Cao
诸葛亮 Zhuge Liang
赤壁之战 The Battle of the Red Cliff
西晋八王之乱 Eight Kings Insurrection in the Western Jin Dynasty
淝水之战 The Battle of Feishui
孝文帝改革 The Reforms of Emperor Xiaowen
花木兰代父从军 Hua Mulan Joined the Army in Place of Her Father
“书圣”王義之与“画绝”顾恺之 Wang Xizhi,the Saint of Calligraphy,and Gu Kaizhi,the Matchless Painter
数学家祖冲之 Zu Chongzhi,the Remarkable Mathematician
封建社会的繁荣时期——隋、唐
The Heyday of Feudal Society—The Sui and Tang Dynasties
概述 Introduction
隋朝大运河 The Grand Canal of the Sui Dynasty
贞观之治 The Benign Administration of the Zhenguan Reign Period
女皇帝武则天 Wu Zetian,Chinas First Female Monarch
开元盛世 The Flourishing Kaiyuan Reign Period
繁盛的长安城 The Heyday of Changan
松赞干布与文成公主 Songtsen Gampo and Princess Wencheng
玄奘西游 Xuanzangs Journey to the West
鉴真东渡 Jianzhen Crosses the Ocean toJapan
三大石窟 The Three Famous Grottoes
科举制 The Imperial Civil Examination System
封建社会的继续发展和民族政权并立时期——五代、辽、宋、夏、金、元
The Continued Development of Feudal Society and the Coexistence of Ethnic Regimes—The Five Dynasties,and the Liao,Song,Xia,Jin and Yuan Dynasties
概述 Introduction
杯酒释兵权 Relieving the Generals of Their Commands at a Feast
赤胆忠心的杨家将 The Loyal Generals of the Yang Family
秉公执法的“包青天” Bao the Upright Judge
忠心报国的岳飞 General Yue Fei,a Paragon of Loyalty
历史名臣文天祥 Wen Tianxiang,a Renowned Minister
成吉思汗与忽必烈 Genghis Khan and Kublai Khan
马可·波罗来华 Marco Poles Travels in China
四大发明 The Four Great Inventions
《清明上河图》 Riverside scene on the Pure Brightness Festival
司马光与《资治通鉴》 Sima Guang and the Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government
统一的多民族国家进一步发展和封建社会由盛而衰时期——明、清(鸦片战争以前)
The Period of Further Development of the Unitary Multi-ethnic Country and the Decline of Feudal Society—The Ming and Qing Dynasties (Before the Opium War of 1840)
概述 Introduction
明朝开国皇帝朱元璋 Zhu Yuanzhang,the First Emperor of the Ming Dynasty
郑和下西洋 Zheng Hes Voyages to the Western Seas
戚继光抗倭 Qi Jiguang Repels Japanese Pirates
清官海瑞 Hai Rui,an Upright and Incorruptible Official
闯王李自成 Daring King Li Zicheng
郑成功收复台湾 Zheng Chenggong Recovers Taiwan
康乾盛世 The Golden Age of Three Emperors
科学巨匠与巨著 Great Scientists and Their Contributions
中国近代史
Modern Period
概述 Introduction
林则徐与虎门销烟 Lin Zexu and the Destruction of Opium at Humen
**次鸦片战争 The First Opium War
太平天国农民运动 The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement
第二次鸦片战争 The Second Opium War
洋务运动 The Westernization Movement
中日甲午战争与《马关条约》 Sino-Japanese War of 1894 and the Treaty of Shimonoseki
戊戌变法 The Reform Movement of 1898
义和团运动 The Yihetuan Movement
孙中山与辛亥革命 Dr. Sun Yat-sen and the Revolution of 1911
“五四”运动 The May 4th Movement
中国共产党的成立 The Founding of the Communist Party of China
**次国共合作 The First Round of KMT-CPC Cooperation
北伐战争 The Northern Expedition
南昌起义 The Nanchang Uprising
二万五千里长征 The Long March of 25 000 li
“九一八”事变 The September 18th Incident
华北事变与“一·二·九”运动 The Huabei Incident and the December 9th Movement
西安事变 The Xian Incident
“七七”事变 The July 7th Incident
平型关大捷 The Victory at Pingxing Pass
南京大屠杀 The Nanking Massacre
台儿庄战役 The Taierzhuang Campaign
华侨与抗日战争 Overseas Chinese and the Anti-Japanese War
重庆谈判 The Chongqing Negotiations
解放战争 The War of Liberation
现代中国
Contemporary Period
概述 Introduction
毛泽东与新中国的建立 Mao Zedong and the Founding of New China
抗美援朝保家卫国 The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
周恩来与新中国外交 Zhou Enlai and New Chinas Diplomacy
邓小平与改革开放 Deng Xiaoping and the Reform and Opening-up Policies
香港回归 Hong Kongs Return to China
澳门回归 Macaos Return to China
载人航天飞行的巨大成就 Great Achievement in Manned Spaceflight
中国体育走向世界 China as a World Power in Sports
附录 Appendix
中国历史年代简表 A Brief Chronology of Chinese History