AutoCAD 2016 从入门到精通微视频全解析

第 1 章 AutoCAD2016 基础入门 1.1 初步认识 AutoCAD2016.......................................................................................2 1.1.1 AutoCAD 的应用领域 ..................................................................................................2 1.1.2 AutoCAD 2016 的新增功能 .........................................................................................2 1.1.3 AutoCAD 2016 的启动与退出 .....................................................................................6 1.1.4 AutoCAD 2016 的工作界面 .........................................................................................7 1.2 图形文件的管理...................................................................................................14 1.2.1 建新的图形文件 .........................................................................................................14 1.2.2 打开图形文件 .............................................................................................................15 1.2.3 保存图形文件 .............................................................................................................16 1.2.4 关闭图形文件 .............................................................................................................17 1.2.5 加密图形文件 .............................................................................................................18 1.2.6 输入与输出图形文件 .................................................................................................19 1.3 设置绘图环境.......................................................................................................21 1.3.1 设置图形单位 .............................................................................................................21 1.3.2 设置图形界限 .............................................................................................................22 1.4 使用命令与系统变量............................................................................................23 1.4.1 使用菜单栏执行命令 .................................................................................................23 1.4.2 使用面板按钮执行命令 .............................................................................................23 1.4.3 使用鼠标操作执行命令 .............................................................................................23 II 1.4.4 使用快捷键执行命令 .................................................................................................24 1.4.5 使用命令行执行命令 .................................................................................................24 1.4.6 使用动态输入功能 .....................................................................................................25 1.4.7 使用透明命令 .............................................................................................................26 1.4.8 使用系统变量 .............................................................................................................26 1.4.9 命令的控制 .................................................................................................................26 1.5 坐标输入方式.......................................................................................................28 1.5.1 认识坐标系统 .............................................................................................................28 1.5.2 坐标的表示方法 .........................................................................................................28 1.5.3 绝对坐标与相对坐标 .................................................................................................29 1.5.4 数据输入方法 .............................................................................................................29 第 2 章 绘制基本二维图形 2.1 绘制点..................................................................................................................34 2.1.1 点的样式设置 .............................................................................................................34 2.1.2 绘制单点 .....................................................................................................................35 2.1.3 绘制多点 .....................................................................................................................35 2.1.4 绘制定数等分点 .........................................................................................................37 2.1.5 绘制定距等分点 .........................................................................................................40 2.2 绘制直线..............................................................................................................41 2.2.1 绘制直线段 .................................................................................................................41 2.2.2 绘制射线 .....................................................................................................................42 2.2.3 绘制构造线 .................................................................................................................43 2.3 绘制矩形和多边形................................................................................................45 2.3.1 绘制矩形 .....................................................................................................................45 2.3.2 绘制多边形 .................................................................................................................48 2.4 绘制圆和圆弧.......................................................................................................50 2.4.1 绘制圆 .........................................................................................................................50 2.4.2 绘制圆弧 .....................................................................................................................53 2.5 绘制椭圆及椭圆弧................................................................................................56 2.5.1 绘制椭圆 .....................................................................................................................56 2.5.2 绘制椭圆弧 .................................................................................................................57 2.6 综合实战：——绘制太极图..................................................................................60 第 3 章 基本辅助绘图的设置 3.1 图层的设置...........................................................................................................64 3.1.1 图层特性管理 .............................................................................................................64 III 3.1.2 图层的新建 .................................................................................................................65 3.1.3 图层的删除 .................................................................................................................66 3.1.4 设置当前图层 .............................................................................................................66 3.1.5 设置图层的颜色 .........................................................................................................67 3.1.6 图层的线型设置 .........................................................................................................68 3.1.7 图层的线宽设置 .........................................................................................................69 3.1.8 改变对象所在的图层 .................................................................................................74 3.1.9 通过“特性”面板设置对象属性 .............................................................................74 3.1.10 通过“特性匹配”改变图形特征 ...........................................................................75 3.2 精确定位工具.......................................................................................................76 3.2.1 正交模式 .....................................................................................................................76 3.2.2 捕捉与栅格 .................................................................................................................76 3.3 对象捕捉..............................................................................................................79 3.3.1 对象捕捉设置 .............................................................................................................79 3.3.2 点的过滤器 ................................................................................................................82 3.4 对象追踪..............................................................................................................84 3.4.1 极轴追踪 .....................................................................................................................84 3.4.2 对象捕捉追踪 .............................................................................................................87 3.4.3 临时追踪点 .................................................................................................................88 3.4.4 捕捉自 .........................................................................................................................88 3.5 对象约束..............................................................................................................90 3.5.1 建立几何约束 .............................................................................................................91 3.5.2 设置几何约束 .............................................................................................................92 3.5.3 建立标注约束 .............................................................................................................95 3.5.4 设置尺寸约束 .............................................................................................................95 3.5.5 自动约束 .....................................................................................................................96 3.6 综合实战：——手柄轮廓图的绘制........................................................................99 第 4 章 二维图形的编辑命令 4.1 选择对象............................................................................................................104 4.1.1 选择集的设置 ...........................................................................................................104 4.1.2 选择对象的方法 .......................................................................................................107 4.1.3 快速选择对象 ...........................................................................................................110 4.1.4 使用编组操作 ...........................................................................................................111 4.2 复制类命令.........................................................................................................111 4.2.1 复制对象 ...................................................................................................................111 4.2.2 镜像对象 ...................................................................................................................114 IV 4.2.3 偏移对象 ...................................................................................................................117 4.2.4 阵列对象 ...................................................................................................................121 4.3 删除命令............................................................................................................126 4.4 改变位置类命令.................................................................................................127 4.4.1 移动对象 ...................................................................................................................127 4.4.2 旋转对象 ...................................................................................................................128 4.4.3 缩放对象 ...................................................................................................................130 4.5 改变几何特性类命令..........................................................................................131 4.5.1 修剪命令 ...................................................................................................................132 4.5.2 延伸命令 ...................................................................................................................133 4.5.3 拉伸命令 ...................................................................................................................134 4.5.4 拉长命令 ...................................................................................................................135 4.5.5 打断对象 ...................................................................................................................135 4.5.6 打断于点 ...................................................................................................................136 4.5.7 合并命令 ...................................................................................................................137 4.5.8 倒角命令 ...................................................................................................................138 4.5.9 圆角命令 ...................................................................................................................139 4.5.10 分解命令 .................................................................................................................142 4.6 综合实战：——组合沙发的绘制.........................................................................143 第 5 章 复杂图形的绘制与编辑 5.1 多段线的绘制与编辑..........................................................................................148 5.1.1 多段线的绘制 ...........................................................................................................148 5.1.2 多段线的编辑 ...........................................................................................................150 5.2 样条曲线的绘制与编辑.......................................................................................152 5.2.1 样条曲线的绘制 .......................................................................................................153 5.2.2 样条曲线的编辑 .......................................................................................................154 5.3 多线的绘制与设置..............................................................................................155 5.3.1 多线的绘制 ...............................................................................................................155 5.3.2 多线样式的设置 .......................................................................................................156 5.3.3 多线的编辑 ...............................................................................................................157 5.4 对象编辑命令.....................................................................................................163 5.4.1 钳夹 ...........................................................................................................................163 5.4.2 对象特性的修改 .......................................................................................................166 5.4.3 对象特性的匹配 .......................................................................................................168 5.5 面域与图案填充.................................................................................................169 5.5.1 创建面域 ...................................................................................................................169 V 5.5.2 面域的布尔运算 .......................................................................................................170 5.5.3 图案的填充 ...............................................................................................................171 5.6 综合实战：——地面拼花图例的绘制..................................................................176 第 6 章 图形的显示控制与打印输出 6.1 缩放....................................................................................................................182 6.1.1 缩放命令及选项 .......................................................................................................182 6.1.2 实时缩放 ...................................................................................................................183 6.1.3 动态缩放 ...................................................................................................................184 6.2 平移....................................................................................................................184 6.2.1 实时平移 ...................................................................................................................185 6.2.2 定点平移 ...................................................................................................................185 6.3 视口与空间.........................................................................................................187 6.3.1 平铺视口的创建 .......................................................................................................187 6.3.2 分割与合并视口 .......................................................................................................188 6.3.3 模型与布局空间 .......................................................................................................188 第 7 章 文字与表格编辑 7.1 文本样式............................................................................................................192 7.1.1 新建文本样式 ...........................................................................................................192 7.1.2 修改文本样式 ...........................................................................................................194 7.1.3 删除文本样式 ...........................................................................................................195 7.2 文本标注............................................................................................................196 7.2.1 单行文字标注 ...........................................................................................................196 7.2.2 多行文字标注 ...........................................................................................................197 7.3 文本编辑............................................................................................................200 7.3.1 比例 ...........................................................................................................................200 7.3.2 对正 ...........................................................................................................................201 7.3.3 拼音检查 ...................................................................................................................201 7.4 表格....................................................................................................................203 7.4.1 新建表格样式 ...........................................................................................................204 7.4.2 创建表格 ...................................................................................................................205 7.4.3 表格的修改与编辑 ...................................................................................................207 7.4.4 将表格链接至外部数据 ...........................................................................................208 7.4.5 在表格中套用公式 ...................................................................................................208 7.5 综合实战：——创建门窗统计表.........................................................................214 VI 第 8 章 图形的尺寸标注 8.1 尺寸标注的概念.................................................................................................218 8.1.1 Auto CAD 尺寸标注的类型 .....................................................................................218 8.1.2 尺寸标注的组成 .......................................................................................................218 8.1.3 Auto CAD 尺寸标注的基本步骤 .............................................................................219 8.2 尺寸样式的新建及设置.......................................................................................219 8.2.1 新建或修改标注样式 ...............................................................................................219 8.2.2 线 ...............................................................................................................................221 8.2.3 符号和箭头 ...............................................................................................................223 8.2.4 文字 ...........................................................................................................................225 8.2.5 调整 ...........................................................................................................................227 8.2.6 主单位 .......................................................................................................................228 8.2.7 换算单位 ...................................................................................................................229 8.2.8 公差 ...........................................................................................................................230 8.3 图形对象的尺寸标注..........................................................................................232 8.3.1 创建线性标注 ...........................................................................................................232 8.3.2 创建对齐标注 ...........................................................................................................233 8.3.3 创建连续标注 ...........................................................................................................234 8.3.4 创建基线标注 ...........................................................................................................235 8.3.5 创建半径标注 ...........................................................................................................235 8.3.6 创建直径标注 ...........................................................................................................236 8.3.7 创建角度标注 ...........................................................................................................237 8.3.8 创建弧长标注 ...........................................................................................................238 8.3.9 创建坐标标注 ...........................................................................................................239 8.3.10 创建快速标注 .........................................................................................................239 8.3.11 创建等距标注 .........................................................................................................240 8.3.12 创建圆心标记 .........................................................................................................241 8.3.13 标注检验操作 .........................................................................................................242 8.3.14 创建形位标注 .........................................................................................................243 8.4 尺寸标注的编辑.................................................................................................245 8.4.1 编辑尺寸 ...................................................................................................................245 8.4.2 编辑标注文字 ...........................................................................................................246 8.4.3 替代标注 ...................................................................................................................247 8.4.4 更新标注 ...................................................................................................................248 8.5 多重引线的创建与编辑.......................................................................................249 8.5.1 创建与修改多重引线样式 .......................................................................................249 VII 8.5.2 创建多重引线 ...........................................................................................................252 8.5.3 添加多重引线 ...........................................................................................................253 8.5.4 删除多重引线 ...........................................................................................................254 8.5.5 对齐多重引线 ...........................................................................................................254 8.6 综合实战：——标注阀盖....................................................................................255 第 9 章 图块、外部参照与图像 9.1 图块操作............................................................................................................262 9.1.1 图块的分类 ...............................................................................................................262 9.1.2 图块的特点 ...............................................................................................................262 9.1.3 图块的创建 ...............................................................................................................262 9.1.4 图块的保存 ...............................................................................................................263 9.1.5 图块的插入 ...............................................................................................................265 9.1.6 动态块 .......................................................................................................................267 9.2 属性图块............................................................................................................271 9.2.1 属性图块的特点 .......................................................................................................271 9.2.2 创建带属性的图块 ...................................................................................................271 9.2.3 插入带属性的图块 ...................................................................................................273 9.2.4 修改属性定义 ...........................................................................................................273 9.2.5 编辑块的属性 ...........................................................................................................274 9.2.6 块属性管理器 ...........................................................................................................274 9.2.7 使用 ATTEXT 向导提取属性 ..................................................................................276 9.2.8 使用数据向导提取属性 ...........................................................................................277 9.3 外部参照............................................................................................................279 9.3.1 外部参照附着 ...........................................................................................................279 9.3.2 外部参照剪裁 ...........................................................................................................281 9.3.3 外部参照管理 ...........................................................................................................282 9.3.4 参照编辑 ...................................................................................................................284 9.4 附着光栅图像.....................................................................................................285 9.4.1 图像附着 ...................................................................................................................285 9.4.2 图像剪裁 ...................................................................................................................286 9.4.3 图像调整 ...................................................................................................................286 9.4.4 图像质量 ...................................................................................................................287 9.4.5 图像透明度 ...............................................................................................................288 9.4.6 图像边框 ...................................................................................................................288 9.5 设计中心的使用.................................................................................................289 9.6 通过设计中心创建样板文件...............................................................................292 VIII 第 10 章 三维绘图基础 10.1 三维建模空间...................................................................................................296 10.2 视觉样式..........................................................................................................296 10.3 三维视图..........................................................................................................298 10.3.1 三维视图的分类 .....................................................................................................299 10.3.2 三维视图的切换 .....................................................................................................300 10.4 在三维空间绘制简单对象.................................................................................301 10.4.1 在三维空间绘制三维点、线段、射线、构造线 .................................................301 10.4.2 在三维空间绘制其他二维图形 .............................................................................301 10.4.3 在三维空间绘制多段线 .........................................................................................301 10.4.4 绘制三维样条曲线 .................................................................................................302 10.5 综合实战：——底座的创建..............................................................................303 第 11 章 绘制、编辑三维图形 11.1 绘制基本三维网格面........................................................................................310 11.1.1 绘制长方体表面 .....................................................................................................310 11.1.2 绘制楔体表面 .........................................................................................................311 11.1.3 绘制棱锥体表面 .....................................................................................................311 11.1.4 绘制圆锥体表面 .....................................................................................................312 11.1.5 绘制球体表面 .........................................................................................................314 11.1.6 绘制圆柱体表面 .....................................................................................................314 11.1.7 创建旋转曲面 .........................................................................................................315 11.1.8 创建平移曲面 .........................................................................................................316 11.1.9 创建直纹曲面 .........................................................................................................317 11.1.10 创建边界曲面 .......................................................................................................317 11.2 绘制三维实体对象............................................................................................318 11.2.1 切换工作空间 .........................................................................................................318 11.2.2 绘制长方体 .............................................................................................................318 11.2.3 绘制楔体 .................................................................................................................319 11.2.4 绘制球体 .................................................................................................................320 11.2.5 绘制圆柱体 .............................................................................................................321 11.2.6 绘制圆锥体 .............................................................................................................321 11.2.7