流体力学基础(双语版)/周剑锋

Chapter 1 Introduction of Fluid Mechanics/1

1.1Brief History of Fluid Mechanics/1

1.2Dimensions and Units/4

1.2.1Dimensions/4

1.2.2Units/8

1.3Definition of a Fluid/10

1.3.1Continuity Hypothesis/10

1.3.2Density/12

1.3.3Specific Weight/13

1.3.4Specific Gravity/14

1.4Fluid Properties/14

1.4.1Compressibility/14

1.4.2Surface Tension/17

1.4.3Viscosity/20

第1章 流体力学简介/1

1.1流体力学简史/1

1.2量纲和单位/4

1.2.1量纲/4

1.2.2单位/8

1.3流体的定义/10

1.3.1连续性假设/10

1.3.2密度/12

1.3.3重度/13

1.3.4比重/14

1.4流体性质/14

1.4.1可压缩性/14

1.4.2表面张力/17

1.4.3黏度/20



Chapter 2 Fluid Statics/27

2.1Pressure at a Point/27

2.2Basic Equation for Pressure Field/28

2.3Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest/31

2.3.1Incompressible Fluid/31

2.3.2Compressible Fluid/34

2.4Standard Atmosphere/35

2.5Buoyancy and Stability/37

2.5.1Archimedes’ Principle/37

2.5.2Stability/40

2.6Measurement of Pressure/42

2.7Manometry/44

2.7.1Piezometer Tube/45

2.7.2U-Tube Manometer/46

2.7.3InclinedTube Manometer/50

第2章 流体静力学/27

2.1某一点的压力/27

2.2压力场基本方程/28

2.3静止流体中的压力变化/31

2.3.1不可压缩流体/31

2.3.2可压缩流体/34

2.4标准大气/35

2.5浮力和稳定性/37

2.5.1阿基米德原理/37

2.5.2稳定性/40

2.6压力的测量/42

2.7压力测量法/44

2.7.1测压管/45

2.7.2U形管压力计/46

2.7.3倾斜管压力计/50



Chapter 3 Fluid Kinematics/54

3.1The Velocity Field/54

3.1.1Eulerian method and Lagrangian method/55

3.1.2One-,Two- and Three-Dimensional Flows/56

3.1.3Steady and Unsteady Flows/57

3.1.4Streamlines,Streaklines and Pathlines/58

3.2The Acceleration Field/60

3.2.1The Material Derivative/60

3.2.2Unsteady Effects/62

3.2.3Convective Effects/63

3.3Fluid Element Kinematics/65

3.3.1Linear Motion and Deformation/66

3.3.2Angular Motion and Deformation/67

3.4System and Control Volume/69

3.5Reynolds Transport Theorem/71

3.5.1Derivation of the Reynolds Transport Theorem/73

3.5.2Relationship Between Reynolds transport theorem and Material Derivative/78

第3章 流体运动学/54

3.1速度场/54

3.1.1欧拉法和拉格朗日法/55

3.1.2一维、二维和三维流动/56

3.1.3定常和非定常流动/57

3.1.4流线、纹线和迹线/58

3.2加速度场/60

3.2.1物质导数/60

3.2.2非定常作用/62

3.2.3对流作用/63

3.3流体微团运动/65

3.3.1线运动和变形/66

3.3.2角运动和变形/67

3.4系统和控制体/69

3.5雷诺输运定理/71

3.5.1雷诺输运定理的推导/73

3.5.2雷诺输运定理与物质导数的关系/78



Chapter 4 Finite Control Volume Analysis of Fluid Flow/82

4.1The Continuity Equation/82

4.1.1Derivation of the Continuity Equation/82

4.1.2Application of the Continuity Equation/85

4.2The Momentum Equation/88

4.2.1Derivation of the Momentum Equation/88

4.2.2Application of the Momentum Equation/89

4.3Moment-of-Momentum Equation/91

4.3.1Derivation of the Moment-of-Momentum Equation/91

4.3.2Application of the Moment-of-Momentum Equation/93

4.4The Energy Equation/96

4.4.1Derivation of the Energy Equation/96

4.4.2Application of the Energy Equation/98

4.4.3The Bernoulli Equation/100

第4章 流体流动的有限控制体分析/82

4.1连续性方程/82

4.1.1连续性方程的推导/82

4.1.2连续性方程的应用/85

4.2动量方程/88

4.2.1动量方程的推导/88

4.2.2动量方程的应用/89

4.3动量矩方程/91

4.3.1动量矩方程的推导/91

4.3.2动量矩方程的应用/93

4.4能量方程/96

4.4.1能量方程的推导/96

4.4.2能量方程的应用/98

4.4.3伯努利方程/100



Chapter 5 Differential Analysis of Fluid Flow/108

5.1Conservation of Mass/108

5.1.1Continuity Equation in Differential Form/109

5.1.2Continuity Equation in Cylindrical Coordinates/112

5.2Conservation of Momentum/112

5.2.1Forces Acting on the Differential Element/113

5.2.2Equations of Motion/116

5.3Viscous Flow/118

5.3.1Stress-Deformation Relationships/118

5.3.2The NaiverStokes Equations/119

5.4Solutions for Viscous Incompressible Flow/120

5.4.1Steady,Laminar Flow Between Fixed Parallel Plates/120

5.4.2Steady,Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes/123

第5章流体流动的微分分析/108

5.1质量守恒/108

5.1.1微分形式的连续性方程/109

5.1.2柱坐标系中的连续性方程/112

5.2动量守恒/112

5.2.1作用在微元上的力/113

5.2.2运动方程/116

5.3黏性流动/118

5.3.1应力-变形关系/118

5.3.2纳维-斯托克斯方程/119

5.4黏性不可压缩流动的求解/120

5.4.1固定平板间的定常层流流动/120

5.4.2圆管内的定常层流流动/123



Chapter 6 Similitude and Dimensional Analysis/129

6.1Similitude/129

6.2Similarity Laws/131

6.3Dimensional Analysis/134

6.3.1Dimensional homogeneity principle/134

6.3.2The Rayleigh Method/135

6.3.3The Buckingham’s Π Theorems/137

6.3.4Application of the Buckingham’s Π Theorems/139

6.4Similitude and Modeling/143

6.4.1Approximate Model of Fluid Mechanics Problem/143

6.4.2Modeling Example/148

第6章 相似理论和量纲分析/129

6.1相似理论/129

6.2相似准则/131

6.3量纲分析/134

6.3.1量纲和谐原理/134

6.3.2瑞利法/135

6.3.3白金汉姆Π定理/137

6.3.4Π定理的应用/139

6.4相似与模化/143

6.4.1流体力学问题的近似模型/143

6.4.2模化实例/148



Chapter 7 Pipe Flow/154

7.1General Characteristics of Pipe Flow/155

7.2Laminar Flow in Circular Pipe/158

7.3Turbulent Flow in Circular Pipe/162

7.4Pressure Head Losses in Circular Pipe/166

7.4.1Mechanism of Flow Resistance/166

7.4.2Classification of Pipe Flow Resistances/169

7.4.3Calculation of Major Head Loss/171

7.4.4Calculation of Minor Head Loss/180

7.5Calculation of Head Loss in Pipeline/190

7.5.1Equivalent Hydraulic Diameter/190

7.5.2Head Loss Calculation of Pipe System/191

第7章 管内流动/154

7.1管内流动的一般特性/155

7.2圆管中的层流/158

7.3圆管中的湍流/162

7.4圆管中的压头损失/166

7.4.1流动阻力产生的机理/166

7.4.2管内流动阻力的分类/169

7.4.3主要损失的计算/171

7.4.4次要损失的计算/180

7.5管路损失计算/190

7.5.1当量水力直径/190

7.5.2管道系统的损失计算/191



Chapter 8 Planar Potential Flow/202

8.1Potential Function and Stream Function/202

8.1.1Potential Function/202

8.1.2Stream Function/205

8.2Simple Potential Flow/208

8.2.1Uniform Linear Flow/208

8.2.2Flow in Rightangle Region/209

8.2.3Point Source and Point Sink/211

8.2.4Pure Circulation Flow/213

8.3Superposition Principle of Potential Flows/215

第8章 平面势流/202

8.1势函数与流函数/202

8.1.1势函数/202

8.1.2流函数/205

8.2简单势流/208

8.2.1均匀直线流动/208

8.2.2直角区域内的流动/209

8.2.3点源和点汇/211

8.2.4纯环流流动/213

8.3势流叠加原理/215



Chapter 9 Flow Around Body Immersed/225

9.1Overview of Boundary Layer/225

9.2Characteristics of boundary layer/228

9.2.1Formation of Boundary Layer/228

9.2.2The Laminar and Turbulent Boundary Layers/231

9.3Boundary Layer Equations/234

9.3.1The Governing Equations/234

9.3.2Boundary Layer Thickness/237

9.4Flow Around a Cylinder/240

9.4.1Ideal Fluid Flow Around a Cylinder/240

9.4.2Viscous Fluid Flow Around a Cylinder/243

9.5Flow Around a Sphere/250

9.5.1Ideal Fluid Flow Around a Sphere/250

9.5.2Viscous Fluid Flow Around a Sphere/253

第9章 绕物流动/225

9.1边界层概述/225

9.2边界层特性/228

9.2.1边界层的形成/228

9.2.2层流和湍流边界层/231

9.3边界层方程/234

9.3.1控制方程/234

9.3.2边界层厚度/237

9.4绕圆柱流动/240

9.4.1理想流体绕圆柱流动/240

9.4.2黏性流体绕圆柱流动/243

9.5绕球流动/250

9.5.1理想流体的绕球流动/250

9.5.2黏性流体的绕球流动/253



Reference/256

参考文献/256