多元和谐的中国宗教:英文版

　　《多元和谐的中国宗教（英文）》：　　As China fell back into a semi-feudal， semi-colonial society， it gained yet another “Western” religion， and entered the 20th century under the onus of this societal structure， faced with seismic upheaval. Protestant-ism and Catholicism were introduced on a large scale as China’s tradi-tional religions were forced through the bottleneck of national CfiSiS and conflict with Western culture. A religion that had come to spread the gospel unfortunately became a tool of the aggressor. A religion that preaches loving one’s neighbor as oneself， instead drifted in the oppositedirection under the cover of “diplomatic immunity.” British church his-torian Porter White has remarked， “All miss/onaries have derived benefitfrom the treaties and decrees signed by China following its defeat inthe Opium Wars.”3 Some missionaries were even complicit in the saleof opium， looted property， and wreaked havoc in the name of religion.Converts also “took advantage of the protective talisman of religion，committed all manner of alleged malfeasance， swindling the unsophis-ticated in the countryside and abusing and debasing the lonesome andweak.” The victims of this oppression pled for justice， but that went un-heard， as foreigners were not subject to prosecution by Chinese courts.Zeng Guofan， who had felt the scourge of these “religious incidents，”wrote in a memorial to the throne， “Adherents of every church have per-petrated crimes， but the priests shield their flock with utter disregard forjustice and the consuls act in kind. Rows that occur between clergy andcitizens inevitably end in victory for the former and injury to the latter.　　The churchgoers are increasingly flagrant in their abuses， while the peo-ple seethe with ever greater resentment. Once publ/c outrage comes to ahead， the people will find a solution with a mob mentality.” The outraged public was quoted as saying， “It doesn't rain， the ground is dry， becauseall the churches are dominating the heavensl” At long last， the final straw came in more than 600 outbreaks of “religious incidents” in modern times according to statistics. In the 1920s， the fight was taken up again in a rational and organized way by the intelligentsia， in the form of the An-ti-Christian Movement， the League against Imperialism and a movement to secularize church education.　　……