直面历史的深渊 : 南京大屠杀始末探析

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作者：(美)陆束屏著

出版社：团结出版社

本类榜单：历史

分类：历史 > 中国史

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ISBN：9787512698536
装帧：简裝本
册数：暂无
重量：暂无
开本：16开
页数：767
出版时间：2023-01-01
条形码：9787512698536 ; 978-7-5126-9853-6

本书特色

南京大屠杀，是历史的深渊，也是人性的深渊
退无可退，藏无可藏，唯有直面，才可跨越
追寻真相，探析始末，照亮深渊黑暗

内容简介

全书对南京大屠杀的各种事件（包括日军实施的各种规模的屠杀、奸淫、掳掠、焚烧等行为，战后军事法庭的审判，国际社会、学术界关于南京大屠杀的争论等）加以叙述和论证，多角度地展示了南京大屠杀的历史棱镜。

目录 **章日本的军事扩张第二章通向南京之路日军在上海驻扎起始 ···································································17 虹桥事件引发军事冲突 ································································19 战争在上海城区爆发（1937 年 8 月 13 日至 23 日）···························20 日军增援部队在长江口登陆及中国军队反登陆作战（8 月 23 日至 9 月 11 日） ··························································22 潘泾与杨泾之间的战役（9 月 12 日至 30 日）···································26 蕰藻浜与走马塘之间的战役（10 月 1 日至 26 日）·····························27 上海的陷落···············································································28 三路向南京进军·········································································29 日军在长江三角洲地区所犯暴行 ····················································30 南京保卫战···············································································42 南京沦陷··················································································48 第三章日军攻陷南京后的残暴行径：大规模屠杀草鞋峡大屠杀············································································60 燕子矶大屠杀············································································69 鱼雷营与宝塔桥一带的大屠杀 ·······················································72 煤炭港附近的大屠杀 ···································································75 中山码头附近的大屠杀 ································································79 下关地区的大屠杀······································································84 三汊河周围的大屠杀 ···································································89 上新河地区的大屠杀 ···································································94 江东门与水西门周围的大屠杀 ·······················································98 汉中门与汉西门附近的大屠杀 ····················································· 102 第四章小规模屠杀与零星的杀戮清凉山与古林寺附近的屠杀 ························································ 107 三牌楼附近与城西北区的屠杀 ····················································· 112 山西路与大方巷地区的屠杀 ························································ 116 鼓楼与阴阳营附近的屠杀 ··························································· 122 五台山与上海路周围的屠杀 ························································ 129 在东郊的屠杀·········································································· 135 在南郊的杀戮·········································································· 143 在城区南部的杀戮···································································· 148 在城区西部与西南部的杀戮 ························································ 151 在城区东部的杀戮···································································· 155 在城区中部的杀戮···································································· 158 在城区北部的集体屠杀与杀戮 ····················································· 160 第五章奸淫、掳掠、焚烧肆无忌惮地奸淫······································································· 165 随心所欲地掳掠······································································· 181 毫无节制地焚烧······································································· 194 第六章大屠杀幸存者与见证人的证言历史回顾················································································ 203 在不同的历史时期不同的证人对同一案例的证言······························ 215 对日军暴行所作的证言 ······························································ 233 第七章日军官兵的记载松井石根（Iwane Matsui） ······················································ 263 饭沼守（Mamoru Iinuma） ······················································ 266 上村利道（Toshimichi Uemura） ·············································· 268 第十三师团山田支队 ································································· 270 第十六师团············································································· 279 第九师团················································································ 292 第六师团················································································ 297 第三师团················································································ 301 其他部队················································································ 304 第八章南京安全区国际委员会与身陷南京城的西方籍人士南京安全区国际委员会 ······························································ 318 身陷南京城的西方籍人士 ··························································· 331 第九章英文、中文与日文媒体的报道英文媒体的报道······································································· 385 中文媒体的报道······································································· 413 日文媒体的报道······································································· 427 ``````````````````````````````````````````````````````````

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节选

争论的转折点
1982 年是关于南京大屠杀争论的一个重要的转折点。在此之前，关于百人斩竞赛和其他南京大屠杀相关问题的争议主要是在日本国内进行的。1982 年，日本文部省（教育BU）批准并授权新修订的历史教科书用于公立学校系统。每隔四年，文部省下属的教科书授权和研究委员会（教科用図書検定調査審議会）都会审查和评估由几家私营公司编写和提议出版的教科书。该委员会的职能是确保教科书的内容是客观、公正和没有错误的。该委员会批准并认可通过其检查的教科书。然后，地方教育委员会从教育BU的授权清单中为其管辖的小学、初中和高中选择教科书。因此，审查 / 批准过程应确保学术准确性。这个过程也是高度政治化的，其结果可以为那些教科书被认可的私营公司带来非常丰厚的利润。
1982 年 6 月 25 日，日本文部省完成了教科书审查程序，并披露了对即将到来的秋季学期的新历史教科书的修改，其中一项修改是“用显然更中立的‘进出’一词取代‘入侵’，以描述日军在 20 世纪 30 年代在中国及 20世纪 40 年代在东南亚和太平洋的进攻”。同时，教育 “官员还指示日本利润丰厚的教科书市场上的出版商删除、压缩或改变其他有关日本对具体战时事件的责任的提法”。就南京大屠杀而言，新书提出，“根据当时人的描述，1937 年的‘南京大屠杀’可能是由于日本兵被他们在数量相对较少、训练不足、装备较差的中国抵抗军人的抗击中遭受的损失所激怒而引发的” 。
在*近修订之前，一个教科书版本对该事件的描述为：“在占领南京期间，日军杀害和袭击了许多中国军人与平民，并掳掠，纵火焚烧。日本因南京大屠杀而受到国际社会的批评。据说中国遇难者总数达 20万人。”
据报道，新版本的内容为“在占领南京的混乱中，日军杀害了许多中国军人和平民。日本因南京大屠杀而受到国际上的批评”。
除了引发一些日本教师组织的内部投诉和抗议外，教科书的修订还引发了中国、韩国和其他亚洲国家的强烈抗议，他们要求日本方面立即改正这些内容。韩国人抗议教科书中的歪曲内容，删除了有关日本对韩国 50年殖民统治的关键事实。韩国人认为教科书的改变暗示了战后日本的路线改变。
中国提出抗议，认为新的教科书掩盖了日本侵略军的暴行，并将对中国的侵略和占领从侵略降格为推进，称教科书的修订是日本军国主义分子所为，他们 “无法从中国人民的脑海中消除他们对侵略、杀戮、折磨和掠夺的痛苦记忆”。中国方面公布了在南京砍杀人头的照片和战争期间日军在中国的残暴行为的证言来回应。同时他们要求立即纠正涉及日本暴行的段落。中国还取消了日本文部省长官小川平二（Heiji Ogawa）对北京的访问。中国方面和日本的许多专家都认为，极端保守的官员应对这些修改负责，而这些官员得到了执政的自民党右翼的支持，这个政党尽管具有自由民主的名称，却是极其保守的党团。
1983 年 11 月，南京市政府成立了一个专门的办公室，负责编纂南京大屠杀历史资料，建立南京大屠杀纪念馆，并在大屠杀遗址上建立纪念碑或标志物。1984 年 2 月至 6 月，该办公室在南京居民中进行了大规模普查，发现了 1756 名大屠杀幸存者和目击者。他们对这些人进行了采访，并将采访的书面记录归档。1985 年 8 月 15 日，南京大屠杀纪念馆成立，距大屠杀发生已近 48 年；1985 年 8 月，在 13 个主要屠杀地点设立了纪念碑和标志；1985 年，《1937. 12. 13—侵华日军南京大屠杀史料》出版；1987 年，《1937.12.13-侵华日军南京大屠杀档案》和《1937 年 12 月侵华日军南京大屠杀史稿》出版。1994 年，调的果《侵华日军南京大屠杀幸存者证言集》印刷发行。

作者简介

陆束屏，美国内布拉斯加大学教授，主要英文著作有 Japanese Atrocities in Nanking：The Nanjing Massacre and Post-Massacre Social Conditions Recorded in German Diplomatic Documents（2022），The 1937-1938 Nanjing Atrocities（2019），A Dark Page in History：The Nanjing Massacre and Post-Massacre Social Conditions Recorded in British Diplomatic Dispatches，Admiralty Documents and U.S. Naval Intelligence Reports （2012，2019），A Mission under Duress：The Nanjing Massacre and Post-Massacre SocialConditions Documented by American Diplomats（2010），Terror in Minnie Vautrin's Nanjing：Diaries and Correspondence，1937-1938（2008），They Were in Nanjing：The Nanjing Massacre Witnessed by American and British Nationals（2004）等。从 1999 年至 2021 年，先后用中文在北京和南京出版关于南京大屠杀研究的专著 8 部：《日军南京暴行：德国外交文件中记载的南京大屠杀与劫后社会状况》（2021），《忍辱负重的使命：美国外交官中记载的南京大屠杀与劫后社会状况》（2018），《历史上的黑暗一页：英国外交文件与英美海军档案中的南京大屠杀》（2017），《血腥恐怖金陵岁月：金陵女子文理学院中外人士的记载》（上下册，2014），《英国外交官和英美海军军官的记载：日军大屠杀与浩劫后的南京城》（2013），《腥风血雨话金陵：米妮·魏特林一九三七—一九三八年日记、书信和电文》（2012），《美国外交官的记载：日军大屠杀与浩劫后的南京城》（2012），《南京大屠杀：英美人士的目击报道》（1999）；并于 2022 年 10 月在德国用德文出版 Japanische Greueltaten in Nanking：Das Nanjing Massaker in deutschen diplomatischen Dokumenten 一书。因在南京大屠杀研究领域的成果及其在英语世界的传播，2014 年被南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆授予“特别贡献奖”。

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