误差理论与测量平差基础/陶本藻 ERRORTHEORY AND FOUNDATION OF SURVEYING ADJU

Chapter 1 Introduction 1-1 Observation Errors 1-2 Subjects of Study in Surveying Adjustment 1-3 Brief History and Development of Surveying Adjustment 1-4 Tasks and Contents of the TextbookChapter 2 Error Distribution and Accuracy Indexes 2-1 Numerical Characteristics of Random Variables 2-2 Normal Distribution 2-3 Characteristics of Random Errors 2-4 Accuracy Indexes 2-5 Accuracy, Trueness and Precision 2-6 Uncertainty of MeasurementChapter 3 Error Propagation and Weights of Observations 3-1 Law of Covariance Propagation 3-2 Applications of Law of Covariance Propagation 3-3 Weights of Observations and Their Determination 3-4 Cofactor Matrix and Weight Matrix 3-5 Law of Cofactor Propagation 3-6 Estimation of Standard Deviation from True Errors and Their Applications 3-7 Propagation of Systematic ErrorsChapter 4 Mathematical Model of Surveying and Principle of Least-Squares 4-1 Overview of Surveying Adjustment 4-2 Functional Model 4-3 Linearization of Functional Models 4-4 Mathematical Model in Surveying Adjustment 4-5 Parameter Estimation and Principle of Least-SquaresChapter 5 Conditional Adjustment 5-1 Principle of Conditional Adjustment Method 5-2 Condition Equations 5-3 Precision Evaluation 5-4 Summary of Basic Formulas and Example of Leveling Network Adjustment 5-5 Quality Control of Observations Using ConditionsChapter 6 Conditional Adjustment with Parameters 6-1 Principle of Conditional Adjustment with Parameters 6-2 Precision Evaluation 6-3 Coordinate Transformation Using Conditional Adjustment with Parameters 6-4 Summary of Formulas and ExamplesChapter 7 Adjustment of Indirect Observations 7-1 Least-Squares Adjustment of Indirect Observations 7-2 Observation Residual Equations 7-3 Precision Evaluation 7-4 Formula Collection of Adjustment of Indirect Observations and Working Example of Leveling Network Adjustment 7-5 Special Case of Indirect Observation Adjustment -- Adjustment of Direct Observations 7-6 Adjustment of Triangulation by Means of Coordinates 7-7 Coordinate Adjustment of Trilateration Network 7-8 Adjustment of Traverses 7-9 Adjustment of GPS Baseline Networks 7-10 Seven Parameter Coordinate TransformationChapter 8 Adjustment of Indirect Observations with Constraints 8-1 Principle of Adjustment of Indirect Observations with Constraints 8-2 Precision Evaluation 8-3 Formula Collection and ExampleChapter 9 Generalization of Functional Models in Least-Squares Adjustment 9-1 General Functional Model of Adjustment 9-2 Principle of Conditional Adjustment with Constraints 9-3 Precision Evaluation 9-4 Common and Particular Characteristics of Different Adjustment Methods 9-5 Statistical Properties of Adjustment ResultsChapter 10 Error Ellipse 10-1 Positional Standard Error 10-2 Point Positional Error in Arbitrary Direction 10-3 Error Curve 10-4 Error Ellipse 10-5 Relative Error Ellipse 10-6 Probability of Position Points in Error EllipsesChapter 11 Statistic Hypothesis Testing of Least-Squares Adjustment 11-1 Introduction to Statistic Hypothesis Testing 11-2 Basic Techniques of Statistic Hypothesis Testing 11-3 Hypothesis Testing of Error Distribution 11-4 Statistic Tests for Correctness of Least-Squares Adjustment Models 11-5 Hypothesis Testing and Confidence Regions of Adjustment Parameters 11-6 Data Snooping for Outlier DetectionChapter 12 Introduction to Modern Surveying Adjustment 12-1 Sequential Adjustment 12-2 Adjustment with Additional Parameters 12-3 Free Network Adjustment (Adjustment of Rank Defect Networks) 12-4 Principle of Least-Squares CollocationReference