智能高清视频监控原理精解与最佳实践-安防天下-2

第1章  视频监控技术概述················· 1

1.1  引子·························································· 2

1.1.1  安全防范的雏形······························· 2

1.1.2  网络视频监控··································· 2

1.1.3  智能视频识别··································· 2

1.1.4  智能网络视频监控··························· 3

1.1.5  高清视频监控··································· 3

1.1.6  云视频监控······································· 4

1.2  视频监控技术发展过程·························· 4

1.2.1  模拟视频监控时代··························· 5

1.2.2  数字视频监控时代··························· 7

1.2.3  智能网络视频监控时代··················· 8

1.2.4  高清视频监控时代··························· 9

1.3  视频监控的核心技术······························ 9

1.3.1  光学成像器件··································· 9

1.3.2  视频编码压缩算法··························· 10

1.3.3  视频编码压缩芯片··························· 10

1.3.4  视频管理平台··································· 11

1.4  视频监控的发展方向······························ 11

1.5  智能网络视频监控概念·························· 13

1.5.1  本书内容、范围说明······················· 13

1.5.2  本书术语、缩写说明······················· 13

1.5.3  本书内容拓扑结构图······················· 15

第2章  模拟视频监控系统················· 17

2.1  模拟监控系统的构成······························ 18

2.2  视频采集设备·········································· 19

2.2.1  摄像机相关技术······························· 19

2.2.2  镜头相关介绍··································· 24

2.2.3  防护罩··············································· 28

2.2.4  云台及解码器··································· 29

2.2.5  一体球型摄像机······························· 30

2.3  信号传输设备·········································· 33

2.3.1  视频信号的传输······························· 33

2.3.2  视频分配器······································· 35

2.3.3  控制信号的传输······························· 35

2.3.4  系统供电··········································· 35

2.4  矩阵控制设备·········································· 36

2.4.1  矩阵工作原理··································· 36

2.4.2  矩阵的主要功能······························· 37

2.4.3  ptz控制原理··································· 38

2.4.4  控制键盘介绍··································· 38

2.5  显示与录像设备······································ 39

2.5.1  多画面处理器··································· 39

2.5.2  图像显示设备··································· 41

2.5.3  长延时录像机··································· 42

2.6  夜视技术及应用······································ 42

2.6.1  主动红外摄像机······························· 42

2.6.2  激光夜视技术··································· 44

2.6.3  被动红外夜视··································· 45

2.6.4  透雾摄像机······································· 46

2.7  闭路电视监控系统设计·························· 47

2.7.1  系统需求分析··································· 47

2.7.2  摄像机的选型··································· 49

2.7.3  镜头的选型······································· 51

2.7.4  矩阵的选型······································· 51

2.8  本章小结·················································· 52

第3章  视频编码压缩技术················· 53

3.1  多媒体技术基础······································ 54

3.1.1  图像的色彩模型······························· 54

3.1.2  图像的色彩空间变换······················· 57

3.1.3  图像的基本属性······························· 58

3.1.4  图像的格式与质量··························· 59

3.1.5  数据压缩方法··································· 60

3.2  静态图像压缩技术·································· 64

3.2.1  色相变换过程··································· 65

3.2.2  区块切割与采样······························· 66

3.2.3  离散余弦(dct)变换························· 68

3.2.4  量化过程介绍··································· 69

3.2.5  z字形编码过程································ 71

3.2.6  dc系数及ac系数编码················· 72

3.2.7  熵编码介绍······································· 73

3.2.8  jpeg数据流介绍····························· 73

3.2.9  jpeg解压缩过程····························· 73

3.3  视频(动态图像)编码压缩······················· 74

3.3.1  视频压缩的必要性··························· 74

3.3.2  视频压缩的可行性··························· 75

3.3.3  图像格式说明··································· 75

3.3.4  逐行扫描与隔行扫描······················· 79

3.3.5  帧率、码流与分辨率······················· 80

3.3.6  视频编码模型··································· 81

3.3.7  运动补偿技术介绍··························· 82

3.4  主流视频编码技术·································· 83

3.4.1  mjpeg编码压缩····························· 84

3.4.2  mpeg-1技术介绍···························· 85

3.4.3  mpeg-2技术介绍···························· 90

3.4.4  mpeg-4技术介绍···························· 91

3.4.5  h.264技术说明································ 96

3.4.6  h.265编码技术································ 98

3.4.7  视频编解码技术应用······················· 103

3.5  本章小结·················································· 105

第4章  硬盘录像机(dvr)技术············ 107

4.1  dvr产品介绍········································ 108

4.1.1  dvr发展历史·································· 108

4.1.2  dvr工作原理·································· 109

4.1.3  软压缩与硬压缩······························· 110

4.1.4  dvr芯片介绍·································· 111

4.1.5  dvr的录像文件管理······················ 113

4.1.6  dvr配置及接口······························ 114

4.1.7  dvr的关键技术······························ 117

4.1.8  dvr术语介绍·································· 118

4.2  dvr软硬件构成···································· 119

4.2.1  嵌入式dvr······································ 119

4.2.2  pc式dvr········································ 122

4.2.3  嵌入式对比pc式dvr··················· 123

4.3  dvr应用软件功能································ 125

4.3.1  设备配置及管理······························· 126

4.3.2  录像管理··········································· 126

4.3.3  报警管理··········································· 127

4.3.4  视频存储与备份······························· 127

4.3.5  视频浏览与回放······························· 128

4.3.6  设备网管维护··································· 129

4.3.7  用户的管理······································· 129

4.3.8  用户操作日志审计··························· 130

4.4  dvr的应用架构···································· 130

4.4.1  单机工作模式··································· 130

4.4.2  模数混合架构··································· 131

4.4.3  多机联网模式··································· 132

4.5  dvr的亮点功能···································· 136

4.5.1  dvr的多码流技术·························· 136

4.5.2  视频分析技术应用··························· 138

4.5.3  混合dvr技术································· 139

4.5.4  智能检索与回放······························· 140

4.5.5  场景重组技术··································· 141

4.5.6  视频加密技术··································· 142

4.6  dvr产品选型········································ 142

4.7  dvr的常见故障···································· 145

4.7.1  pc式dvr的常见故障··················· 145

4.7.2  嵌入式dvr的常见故障················· 145

4.8  dvr应用案例········································ 146

4.8.1  dvr带宽设计·································· 146

4.8.2  dvr存储设计·································· 148

4.9  dvr设置与操作···································· 148

4.9.1  dvr的系统设置······························ 149

4.9.2  dvr的应用操作······························ 153

4.10  dvr的远程访问·································· 155

4.10.1  流媒体服务····································· 156

4.10.2  dvr的公网配置···························· 158

4.10.3  dvr的转码应用···························· 161

4.11  本章小结················································ 162

第5章  视频编码器技术···················· 163

5.1  dvs产品介绍········································· 164

5.1.1  dvs发展历程·································· 164

5.1.2  dvs对比dvr································ 165

5.1.3  dvs的工作原理······························ 166

5.2  dvs产品软硬件构成····························· 168

5.2.1  dvs硬件构成·································· 168

5.2.2  dvs软件构成·································· 169

5.3  dvs系统应用架构································· 172

5.3.1  矩阵+dvs混合架构························ 172

5.3.2  dvs+nvr架构······························· 173

5.4  dvs的亮点功能····································· 174

5.4.1  dvs的anr技术··························· 174

5.4.2  dvs冗余技术·································· 176

5.4.3  dvs的多码流技术·························· 177

5.4.4  dvs的poe技术····························· 178

5.4.5  dvs的音频功能······························ 179

5.4.6  dvs组播应用·································· 180

5.4.7  带视频分析功能的dvs·················· 181

5.5  dvs产品选型········································· 182

5.5.1  dvs的主要参数······························ 182

5.5.2  dvs产品的架构······························ 182

5.5.3  编码压缩方式··································· 182

5.5.4  视频分析功能··································· 183

5.5.5  各类接口资源··································· 183

5.5.6  标准化与开放性······························· 184

5.5.7  设备的稳定性··································· 184

5.6  dvs的集成整合····································· 185

5.6.1  dvs的sdk集成···························· 185

5.6.2  dvs的sdk功能···························· 186

5.7  dvs设置与应用····································· 187

5.7.1  dvs工作流程·································· 187

5.7.2  dvs码流分析·································· 188

5.7.3  dvs主要参数说明·························· 189

5.7.4  dvs配置过程·································· 190

5.8  sdi-dvs产品介绍································· 192

5.9  dvs常见故障及公网接入····················· 193

5.10  本章小结················································ 194

第6章  网络录像机(nvr)技术············ 195

6.1  nvr产品介绍········································ 196

6.1.1  nvr的功能角色······························ 196

6.1.2  nvr的功能模块······························ 197

6.1.3  nvr对比dvr································ 198

6.1.4  pc式与嵌入式nvr························ 200

6.2  nvr的技术指标···································· 202

6.2.1  nvr的平台需求······························ 202

6.2.2  nvr的瓶颈分析······························ 203

6.2.3  nvr的软件功能······························ 205

6.2.4  nvr的兼容性·································· 212

6.3  nvr产品亮点功能································ 212

6.3.1  视频中间件技术应用······················· 212

6.3.2  anr技术·········································· 214

6.3.3  nvr冗余技术·································· 215

6.3.4  视频标签功能··································· 216

6.3.5  带视频分析功能的nvr·················· 216

6.3.6  软件的进程隔离技术······················· 216

6.3.7  软件定制化设计······························· 217

6.4  nvr产品选型要点································ 217

6.4.1  nvr典型参数·································· 217

6.4.2  nvr产品选型·································· 217

6.5  nvr应用案例分析································ 219

6.5.1  需求分析··········································· 219

6.5.2  网络带宽设计··································· 221

6.5.3  nvr存储设计·································· 222

6.6  nvr的onvif接入······························ 223

6.7  本章小结·················································· 225

第7章  网络摄像机(ipc)技术············ 227

7.1  ipc产品介绍··········································· 228

7.1.1  ipc的定义········································ 228

7.1.2  ipc的主要功能································ 229

7.1.3  ipc的分类········································ 230

7.1.4  ipc的优势········································ 231

7.1.5  ipc的常用术语介绍························ 234

7.2  ipc的组成及工作原理··························· 235

7.2.1  ipc的硬件构成································ 235

7.2.2  ipc的软件构成································ 238

7.2.3  ipc的工作原理································ 239

7.3  ipc数据的网络传输······························· 239

7.3.1  网络传输协议介绍··························· 240

7.3.2  视音频流的传输······························· 241

7.3.3  控制信号的传输······························· 242

7.4  ipc的核心技术······································· 242

7.4.1  光学成像技术··································· 243

7.4.2  视频编码算法··································· 243

7.4.3  编码压缩芯片··································· 244

7.4.4  视频分析技术··································· 244

7.5  ipc的亮点功能······································· 246

7.5.1  ipc的3g/4g功能··························· 246

7.5.2  poe技术············································ 247

7.5.3  本地缓存功能··································· 248

7.5.4  ddns支持······································· 248

7.5.5  ipc的安全通信································ 249

7.5.6  报警改变帧率技术··························· 250

7.5.7  ipc的多码流技术···························· 251

7.5.8  视频质量控制qos··························· 252

7.5.9  视频移动探测··································· 253

7.6  ipc的选型要点······································· 253

7.6.1  ipc的主要参数································ 253

7.6.2  图像质量··········································· 253

7.6.3  网络适应性······································· 254

7.6.4  编码压缩算法··································· 254

7.6.5  系统安装与升级······························· 254

7.6.6  产品许可授权方式··························· 255

7.6.7  二次开发与集成······························· 255

7.6.8  厂商产品线考察······························· 255

7.7  ipc的应用设计······································· 256

7.7.1  需求分析··········································· 256

7.7.2  系统架构··········································· 258

7.7.3  带宽与存储设计······························· 258

7.7.4  系统的主要功能······························· 259

7.8  ipc的参数设置······································· 260

7.8.1  设置前的准备工作··························· 260

7.8.2  ip地址设置······································· 261

7.8.3  视频流参数······································· 262

7.8.4  摄像机图像参数设置······················· 263

7.8.5  事件参数设置··································· 264

7.8.6  系统设备维护功能··························· 265

7.9  本章小结·················································· 266

第8章  高清视频监控技术················· 267

8.1  高清监控概述·········································· 268

8.1.1  高清监控目前格局··························· 268

8.1.2  ip高清与hd-sdi对比··················· 269

8.2  960h高清技术········································ 271

8.2.1 effio方案介绍······························· 272

8.2.2  960h高清的优势····························· 272

8.3  hdcvi高清技术···································· 273

8.3.1  hdcvi技术说明····························· 273

8.3.2  hdcvi摄像机方案························· 274

8.3.3  hdcvi高清与其他技术对比········· 275

8.3.4  hdcvi高清应用····························· 275

8.4  hd-sdi高清技术··································· 276

8.4.1  sdi标准说明···································· 276

8.4.2  hd-sdi系统原理···························· 277

8.4.3  hd-cctv标准介绍························ 278

8.4.4  hd-cctv技术优势························ 279

8.4.5  hd-cctv设备································ 279

8.4.6  hd-cctv系统架构························ 282

8.4.7  hd-cctv应用注意事项················ 283

8.5  ip高清技术············································· 284

8.5.1  高清电视(hdtv)标准····················· 284

8.5.2  高清ipc的概念······························· 285

8.5.3  高清ipc的优势······························· 286

8.6  高清ipc的关键技术······························ 291

8.6.1  高清配套镜头··································· 291

8.6.2  图像传感器······································· 291

8.6.3  图像灵敏度问题······························· 291

8.6.4  编码压缩算法··································· 292

8.6.5  高清信号传输··································· 292

8.6.6  视频管理平台支持··························· 292

8.6.7  高清信号显示··································· 293

8.7  高清ipc的亮点功能······························ 293

8.7.1  日夜监视功能··································· 293

8.7.2  宽动态范围(wdr)··························· 293

8.7.3  摄像机的“走廊模式”························ 294

8.7.4  觅光者技术······································· 294

8.8  高清ipc的障碍······································ 295

8.8.1  高带宽占用······································· 295

8.8.2  海量存储问题··································· 295

8.8.3  高成本问题······································· 295

8.9  高清ipc的应用······································ 296

8.9.1  需求分析··········································· 296

8.9.2  像素密度··········································· 296

8.9.3  摄像机选型······································· 301

8.9.4  系统架构说明··································· 302

8.9.5  视频传输与存储······························· 303

8.10  高清ipc的设置···································· 303

8.11  高清镜头················································ 308

8.11.1  高清镜头的重要性························· 308

8.11.2  镜头的像差与色差························· 309

8.11.3  镜头mtf曲线说明······················· 313

8.11.4  日夜镜头技术································· 317

8.11.5  非球面镜头技术····························· 318

8.11.6  镜头镀膜技术································· 318

8.11.7  高清镜头的选用····························· 319

8.11.8  镜头的关键指标说明····················· 320

8.12  本章小结················································ 321

第9章  视频内容分析(vca)技术········ 323

9.1  视频分析技术说明·································· 324

9.1.1  视频内容分析技术背景··················· 324

9.1.2  视频分析实现的功能······················· 325

9.1.3  视频数据结构介绍··························· 327

9.2  vmd技术介绍······································· 329

9.2.1  vmd技术原理介绍························· 329

9.2.2  vmd技术的缺陷····························· 329

9.3  vca技术介绍········································ 330

9.3.1  vca技术的原理······························ 330

9.3.2  vca技术的突破······························ 330

9.3.3  vca的关键技术······························ 332

9.4  视频分析工作机制·································· 333

9.4.1  视频分析软件框架··························· 333

9.4.2  视频分析的工作流··························· 334

9.4.3  视频分析算法模块··························· 335

9.4.4  视频分析过程··································· 337

9.5  视频分析技术难点·································· 340

9.5.1  环境因素··········································· 340

9.5.2  视频场景相关因素··························· 340

9.5.3  平台及芯片的限制··························· 341

9.5.4  成像因素··········································· 342

9.6  视频分析系统架构·································· 343

9.6.1  前端独立单元··································· 343

9.6.2  后端服务器方式······························· 344

9.6.3  智能dvs或ipc······························ 345

9.6.4  前后端混合架构······························· 346

9.6.5  目前的架构情况······························· 347

9.7  视频分析的主要应用······························ 348

9.7.1  安全类应用······································· 348

9.7.2  非安全类应用··································· 352

9.7.3  视频诊断技术··································· 354

9.7.4  特色功能介绍··································· 357

9.8  视频分析软件及设置······························ 359

9.8.1  视频分析设置程序··························· 359

9.8.2  vca设置过程举例·························· 360

9.9  视频分析技术实施·································· 363

9.9.1  视频分析实施流程··························· 363

9.9.2  摄像机部署要点······························· 364

9.9.3  vca效果评定·································· 364

9.10  视频分析产品选型································ 365

9.10.1  算法实现方式································· 366

9.10.2  系统架构········································· 366

9.10.3  集成性与易用性····························· 366

9.11  视频摘要与检索···································· 367

9.11.1  需求背景········································· 367

9.11.2  视频摘要技术································· 368

9.11.3  视频检索应用································· 371

9.12  本章小结················································ 373

第10章  网络视频传输与交换············ 375

10.1  网络视频监控系统的特点···················· 376

10.1.1  网络视频监控系统的结构············· 376

10.1.2  mpeg-4技术说明·························· 377

10.1.3  系统中的视频传输························· 378

10.2  网络传输协议介绍································ 378

10.2.1  osi模型介绍·································· 378

10.2.2  传输层介绍····································· 382

10.2.3  tcp与udp协议··························· 384

10.2.4  rtp与rtcp协议·························· 387

10.2.5  rtsp与rtvp简介······················· 389

10.2.6  网管协议snmp····························· 390

10.3  视频监控系统的数据传输···················· 390

10.3.1  网络视频监控数据流····················· 390

10.3.2  视频流的编码································· 392

10.3.3  rtp打包过程································· 392

10.3.4  视频流封装过程····························· 393

10.3.5  视频封装格式································· 393

10.3.6  视频传输过程································· 394

10.3.7  网络性能参数说明························· 394

10.4  组播技术介绍········································ 397

10.4.1  单播、组播与广播························· 397

10.4.2  组播在视频监控中的应用············· 400

10.5  流媒体技术在视频监控中的应用········ 402

10.5.1  视频监控系统需求分析················· 402

10.5.2  流媒体概念····································· 403

10.5.3  流媒体在视频监控中的应用········· 405

10.6  sip协议介绍········································· 406

10.6.1 信道分离技术································· 406

10.6.2  sip架构下的数据传输·················· 407

10.7  交换机相关技术···································· 409

10.7.1  交换机主要参数····························· 409

10.7.2  监控系统网络拓扑························· 411

10.7.3  前端设备接入································· 412

10.7.4  监控系统网络规划························· 414

10.8  无线相关技术········································ 419

10.9  epon技术············································ 422

10.9.1  epon概念······································ 422

10.9.2  基于epon的视频传输················· 425

10.10  视频互联互通······································ 426

10.10.1  视频互联互通的意义··················· 426

10.10.2  视频互联互通的方式··················· 426

10.10.3  onvif及psia介绍··················· 426

10.11  本章小结·············································· 428

第11章  中央管理软件(cms)············· 429

11.1  cms介绍·············································· 430

11.1.1  cms的定义···································· 430

11.1.2  cms的发展历程···························· 431

11.1.3  cms的发展方向···························· 437

11.2  cms的原理及组成······························ 439

11.2.1  cms的结构···································· 439

11.2.2  cms的组成···································· 439

11.2.3  cms的工作流程···························· 449

11.3  cms的主流架构·································· 452

11.3.1  完全集中型····································· 452

11.3.2  完全分散型····································· 453

11.3.3  多级cms架构······························· 454

11.4  cms的客户软件功能·························· 454

11.4.1  设备管理模块································· 455

11.4.2  视频操作模块································· 457

11.4.3  事件调查与用户审计····················· 463

11.4.4  报警管理功能································· 464

11.4.5  系统诊断与维护····························· 465

11.4.6  用户权限管理································· 466

11.5  cms的增强功能·································· 468

11.5.1  cms服务器冗余···························· 468

11.5.2  冗余nvr机制······························· 471

11.5.3  网络冗余机制································· 471

11.5.4  安全登录功能································· 472

11.6  cms的特色功能·································· 472

11.6.1  智能回放检索技术························· 472

11.6.2  多路图像拼接································· 474

11.6.3  应急预案功能································· 475

11.6.4  视频时间链表································· 476

11.6.5  视频编辑器····································· 477

11.6.6  模糊索引功能································· 477

11.7  cms平台的考核·································· 477

11.7.1  平台稳定性····································· 477

11.7.2  系统可扩展性································· 478

11.7.3  系统兼容性····································· 478

11.7.4  系统升级········································· 479

11.7.5  系统安全性····································· 479

11.7.6  cms的维护···································· 480

11.7.7  系统容量支持································· 480

11.7.8  系统管理及维护····························· 484

11.7.9  良好的人机界面····························· 485

11.8  视频监控系统的集成···························· 486

11.8.1  系统集成的意义····························· 486

11.8.2  硬件集成方式································· 486

11.8.3  sdk方式集成································ 487

11.8.4  视频转码技术介绍························· 491

11.9  相关标准················································ 492

11.9.1  onvif规范···································· 493

11.9.2  gb/t28181标准····························· 496

11.10  本章小结·············································· 498

第12章  视频监控系统存储应用········ 499

12.1  存储基础知识········································ 500

12.1.1  计算机i/o技术······························ 500

12.1.2  磁盘结构与原理····························· 501

12.1.3  硬盘接口技术································· 504

12.1.4  磁盘阵列技术································· 507

12.1.5  磁盘iops及带宽·························· 509

12.1.6  磁盘的性能测试····························· 510

12.2  raid技术介绍····································· 513

12.2.1  raid技术基础······························ 513

12.2.2  raid0技术介绍···························· 517

12.2.3  raid1技术介绍···························· 519

12.2.4  raid2技术介绍···························· 520

12.2.5  raid3技术介绍···························· 520

12.2.6  raid4技术介绍···························· 521

12.2.7  raid5技术介绍···························· 522

12.2.8  raid技术的比较·························· 523

12.3  das、nas和san····························· 523

12.3.1  存储系统架构的发展····················· 523

12.3.2  das技术········································ 525

12.3.3  nas技术········································ 527

12.3.4  san技术········································ 530

12.3.5  iscsi技术······································· 532

12.3.6  存储架构比较································· 534

12.4  视频监控中的存储应用························ 537

12.4.1  视频监控存储特点························· 537

12.4.2  视频监控存储需求························· 540

12.4.3  视频存储的瓶颈说明····················· 544

12.4.4  视频存储的主要架构····················· 546

12.4.5  视频数据归档备份························· 552

12.4.6  视频存储设计部署························· 554

12.4.7  视频存储应用案例一····················· 556

12.4.8  视频存储应用案例二····················· 558

12.5  视频存储系统的扩容···························· 560

12.5.1  dvr系统存储扩容························ 560

12.5.2  nvr系统存储扩容························ 561

12.5.3  存储扩展注意事项························· 561

12.6  云存储应用············································ 561

12.6.1  云存储的概念································· 562

12.6.2  云存储的发展基础························· 563

12.6.3  云存储系统的结构模型················· 563

12.6.4  视频云存储的关键技术················· 564

12.6.5  平安城市视频云存储的探索········· 565

12.6.6  emc虚拟化安防解决方案············ 567

12.7  本章小结················································ 569

第13章   视频解码与图像显示·········· 571

13.1  监视器···················································· 572

13.1.1  监视器的分类································· 572

13.1.2  crt与lcd监视器······················· 573

13.2  视频解码器············································ 573

13.2.1  硬解码器········································· 573

13.2.2  软解码器········································· 574

13.2.3  万能解码器····································· 575

13.2.4  解码器的考核点····························· 575

13.3  控制中心应用········································ 576

13.3.1  系统架构配置································· 577

13.3.2  控制室操作应用····························· 578

13.4  大屏幕拼接技术···································· 580

13.4.1  大屏幕拼接系统构成····················· 581

13.4.2  dlp大屏幕系统····························· 582

13.4.3  lcd大屏幕系统···························· 584

13.4.4  拼接技术比较································· 585

13.5  本章小结················································ 586

第14章  智能网络高清视频系统实战 587

14.1  智能网络高清视频系统设计················ 588

14.1.1  知识点回顾····································· 588

14.1.2  系统架构设计································· 591

14.1.3  系统稳定性考虑····························· 593

14.2  智能网络视频系统选型························ 594

14.2.1  视频编码系统································· 594

14.2.2  平台系统考核································· 595

14.2.3  视频内容分析系统························· 595

14.2.4  网络系统设计································· 596

14.2.5  存储系统设计································· 596

14.3  系统应用设计模拟(一)························· 597

14.3.1  项目需求分析································· 597

14.3.2  系统设计响应结论························· 599

14.4  系统应用设计模拟(二)························· 601

14.4.1  总体说明········································· 601

14.4.2  系统架构········································· 602

14.5  本章小结················································ 607

第15章  高清监控的行业的应用········ 609

15.1  高铁智能网络视频监控系统················ 610

15.1.1  高铁项目简介································· 610

15.1.2  高铁视频监控系统的特点············· 610

15.1.3  高铁视频监控系统层次················· 611

15.1.4  高铁视频监控系统拓扑················· 613

15.1.5  高铁视频监控关键因素················· 614

15.1.6  视频分析技术的应用····················· 615

15.1.7  视频监控存储的考虑····················· 617

15.1.8  铁路视频监控的平台软件············· 617

15.2  机场智能网络视频监控应用················ 618

15.2.1  机场视频监控系统的特点············· 618

15.2.2  机场视频监控系统的架构············· 618

15.2.3  智能网络视频监控构成················· 621

15.2.4  视频监控系统关键因素················· 622

15.2.5  视频分析技术在机场的应用········· 623

15.2.6  机场视频监控系统的存储············· 623

15.2.7  机场视频监控的平台软件············· 624

15.3  平安城市视频监控系统应用················ 625

15.3.1  平安城市简介································· 625

15.3.2  平安城市视频监控的特点············· 626

15.3.3  平安城市监控主流架构················· 627

15.3.4  全球眼监控平台介绍····················· 630

15.3.5  某平安城市应用案例····················· 638

15.4  高速公路网络视频监控应用················ 642

15.4.1  需求分析········································· 643

15.4.2  系统构成········································· 644

15.5  金融联网视频监控应用························ 649

15.5.1  需求分析········································· 649

15.5.2  系统架构········································· 649

15.5.3  系统功能········································· 651

15.6  本章小结················································ 651

第16章  物理安全信息管理（psim）

系统···································· 653

16.1  安防系统的集成需求···························· 654

16.1.1  安防系统集成的联动····················· 655

16.1.2  安防系统集成的方式····················· 656

16.2  ibms系统············································· 660

16.3  物理安防信息管理(psim)系统············ 661

16.3.1  安防集成发展瓶颈························· 661

16.3.2  psim概念的提出··························· 662

16.3.3  sas、ibms及psim对比··········· 663

16.4  psim系统的七大特征························· 664

16.4.1  连接性和集成度····························· 665

16.4.2  实时政策及配置管理····················· 665

16.4.3  关联和验证····································· 665

16.4.4  可视化············································· 665

16.4.5  基于规则的工作流以响应事件····· 665

16.4.6  稳定性和冗余性····························· 666

16.4.7  事后报告和分析····························· 666

16.5  psim的价值体现································· 666

16.5.1  人员方面········································· 666

16.5.2  技术方面········································· 667

16.5.3  标准作业程序（sop）方面·········· 667

16.6  psim系统的架构································· 668

16.6.1  数据采集及汇聚层························· 669

16.6.2  数据分析及关联层························· 669

16.6.3  信息展现及应用层························· 670

16.7  psim系统的核心功能························· 671

16.7.1  多系统集成功能····························· 671

16.7.2  预案功能········································· 672

16.7.3  平台指挥调度功能························· 673

16.8  psim的应用描述································· 674

16.9  psim的应用案例································· 675

16.9.1  psim的机场应用··························· 675

16.9.2  psim的车牌识别··························· 676

16.10  本章小结·············································· 677

第17章  物联网与安防监控··············· 679

17.1  物联网的基本概念································ 680

17.1.1 物联网的三大特征························· 680

17.1.2 物联网的技术架构························· 681

17.1.3 物联网的关键技术························· 683

17.1.4 物联网的几大问题························· 685

17.1.5 物联网的产业应用························· 686

17.2  物联网与建筑智能化···························· 687

17.2.1  建筑智能化构成····························· 688

17.2.2 楼宇自动化····································· 689

17.2.3 门禁控制系统································· 690

17.2.4 物联网与智能建筑························· 692

17.3  [案例]物联网与机场周界入侵系统····· 693

17.3.1 机场周界防范需求························· 693

17.3.2 主流周界探测技术························· 694

17.3.3 视频复核及跟踪····························· 696

17.3.4 保安响应及配置····························· 696

17.3.5  物联网机场周界防入侵系统········· 696

17.4  视觉物联网概念及应用························ 701

17.4.1  视频监控发展历程························· 701

17.4.2  视觉物联网概念····························· 702

17.4.3  视觉物联网架构····························· 702

17.4.4  视觉物联网应用领域····················· 703

17.4.5  视觉物联网在机场周界的应用····· 708

17.5  本章小结················································ 709

第18章  云计算与视频监控··············· 711

18.1  云计算···················································· 712

18.1.1  如何理解“云计算”·························· 712

18.1.2  云计算的定义································· 713

18.1.3  云计算vs传统it方式················ 714

18.2  云计算的架构及特征···························· 714

18.2.1  云计算的架构································· 714

18.2.2  云计算的特征································· 716

18.3  虚拟化技术············································ 716

18.3.1  服务器虚拟化································· 717

18.3.2  vmware虚拟化技术······················ 718

18.3.3  服务器虚拟化的关键特性············· 720

18.3.4  服务器虚拟化的优势····················· 721

18.4  云计算体系架构···································· 722

18.5  云计算的障碍········································ 724

18.5.1  信息安全性····································· 724

18.5.2  数据交互安全································· 724

18.5.3  宕机问题········································· 725

18.5.4  云服务商的绑定问题····················· 725

18.6  云计算在视频监控的应用···················· 725

18.6.1  云视频监控系统····························· 726

18.6.2  云视频监控系统架构····················· 727

18.6.3  云视频监控的优势························· 729

18.6.4  云视频监控的障碍························· 730

18.7  云视频监控厂商生态···························· 730

18.8  云计算平台下的平安城市应用············ 732

18.9  国内外云视频监控应用案例················ 734

18.9.1  trafficland交通监控······················· 734

18.9.2  iveda solutions································· 735

18.9.3  海康威视平安城市应用················· 736

18.10  本章小结·············································· 737

第19章  大数据与视频监控··············· 739

19.1  大数据概述············································ 740

19.1.1  大数据的背景································· 740

19.1.2  大数据的定义································· 740

19.2  大数据相关技术···································· 741

19.2.1  非结构化数据································· 742

19.2.2  nosql数据库································ 743

19.2.3  并行处理技术································· 744

19.2.4  数据挖掘与分析····························· 744

19.2.5  云计算技术····································· 745

19.3  hadoop··················································· 746

19.3.1  google的启发································· 746

19.3.2  hadoop概述···································· 747

19.3.3  hadoop的基本架构························ 748

19.3.4  hdfs··············································· 750

19.3.5  mapreduce······································ 755

19.3.6  hbase··············································· 761

19.3.7  zookeeper········································· 761

19.3.8  hive·················································· 762

19.4  大数据的应用········································ 762

19.4.1  大数据的价值································· 762

19.4.2  大数据的行业应用························· 763

19.4.3  大数据应用挑战····························· 764

19.5  大数据与云计算···································· 765

19.6  大数据与视频监控································ 765

19.6.1  高清视频监控目前存在的问题····· 765

19.6.2  大数据视频监控优势····················· 766

19.6.3  面向大数据的视频监控系统········· 767

19.7  大数据的监控应用································ 768

19.7.1  基于云计算的视频监控架构········· 768

19.7.2  基于hadoop的视频云存储··········· 769

19.7.3  基于hadoop的视频分析··············· 772

19.7.4  基于hadoop的视频转码··············· 777

19.8  本章小结················································ 778

附录：faq··········································· 779

参考文献············································· 783