信息系统与数据科学

第1章 系统论.............................................................................................................21.1 系统...................................................................................................................................................21.2 系统模型...........................................................................................................................................31.3 系统的分类.......................................................................................................................................41.4 系统学基本原理...............................................................................................................................6小结............................................................................................................................................................9习题............................................................................................................................................................9第2章 信息论...........................................................................................................102.1 数据与信息.....................................................................................................................................102.2 信息的性质.....................................................................................................................................102.3 人类利用信息的过程......................................................................................................................122.4 信息的度量.....................................................................................................................................132.5 信息的分类.....................................................................................................................................152.6 信息的特点.....................................................................................................................................162.7 信息的用途.....................................................................................................................................162.8 信息与管理.....................................................................................................................................17小结..........................................................................................................................................................17习题..........................................................................................................................................................18第3章 信息系统概论................................................................................................193.1 信息系统.........................................................................................................................................193.2 信息系统的发展..............................................................................................................................203.3 信息系统的类型..............................................................................................................................213.4 信息系统和管理的关系..................................................................................................................233.5 mrp、mrp ii 与 erp ..................................................................................................................243.6 mis 面临的挑战..............................................................................................................................263.7 信息系统案例研究..........................................................................................................................27小结..........................................................................................................................................................27习题..........................................................................................................................................................28目 录contents ii 第4章 信息资源管理................................................................................................294.1 信息资源管理的形成......................................................................................................................294.2 信息资源管理的含义......................................................................................................................314.2.1 信息与信息资源..................................................................................................................314.2.2 信息管理..............................................................................................................................324.2.3 信息资源管理的产生..........................................................................................................334.2.4 信息资源管理的含义..........................................................................................................344.3 信息资源管理的发展......................................................................................................................354.4 信息资源内容管理..........................................................................................................................364.5 网络信息资源管理..........................................................................................................................384.6 设立企业cio .................................................................................................................................414.7 企业it 治理...................................................................................................................................43小结..........................................................................................................................................................48习题..........................................................................................................................................................48第二部分 信 息 系 统第5章 管理信息系统................................................................................................525.1 管理信息系统的定义和概念..........................................................................................................525.1.1 管理信息系统的定义..........................................................................................................525.1.2 管理信息系统的要素..........................................................................................................535.1.3 mis 的概念..........................................................................................................................535.1.4 管理信息系统的开发..........................................................................................................545.2 管理信息系统可行性分析..............................................................................................................555.2.1 可行性分析的目的和步骤..................................................................................................555.2.2 可行性研究报告..................................................................................................................575.3 管理信息系统规划..........................................................................................................................575.4 信息系统开发方法..........................................................................................................................615.5 系统分析.........................................................................................................................................625.6 系统设计.........................................................................................................................................675.7 系统实施、评价与运行管理..........................................................................................................705.8 信息系统项目管理..........................................................................................................................715.9 业务流程再造案例研究..................................................................................................................74小结..........................................................................................................................................................81习题..........................................................................................................................................................82第6章 决策支持系统................................................................................................836.1 管理与决策.....................................................................................................................................836.2 决策问题的类型..............................................................................................................................84 iii 6.3 决策模型.........................................................................................................................................856.4 决策支持系统的发展历史..............................................................................................................856.5 决策支持技术的新进展..................................................................................................................866.6 决策支持系统详解..........................................................................................................................876.6.1 决策支持系统的定义..........................................................................................................876.6.2 决策支持系统的原理..........................................................................................................886.6.3 决策支持系统的发展..........................................................................................................896.6.4 决策支持系统的功能..........................................................................................................896.6.5 决策支持系统的基本模式..................................................................................................906.6.6 决策支持系统的部件..........................................................................................................906.7 智能决策支持系统..........................................................................................................................916.8 群决策支持系统..............................................................................................................................936.9 新决策支持系统..............................................................................................................................956.10 综合决策支持系统结构................................................................................................................976.11 网络环境的综合决策支持系统....................................................................................................976.12 决策支持系统应用案例研究........................................................................................................99小结........................................................................................................................................................102习题........................................................................................................................................................102第7章 数据仓库与联机分析....................................................................................1037.1 数据仓库简介...............................................................................................................................1037.2 数据预处理...................................................................................................................................1057.3 元数据...........................................................................................................................................1077.4 数据组织.......................................................................................................................................1087.5 数据仓库工具——olap..............................................................................................................1127.6 商务智能.......................................................................................................................................1147.7 数据仓库的应用............................................................................................................................1157.8 数据仓库案例研究........................................................................................................................116小结........................................................................................................................................................119习题........................................................................................................................................................119第8章 数据挖掘......................................................................................................1208.1 数据挖掘的基本概念....................................................................................................................1208.2 数据挖掘的过程............................................................................................................................1218.3 数据挖掘的分类............................................................................................................................1218.4 数据挖掘方法...............................................................................................................................1228.4.1 神经网络............................................................................................................................1228.4.2 决策树...............................................................................................................................1248.4.3 关联规则............................................................................................................................126 iv 8.4.4 聚类算法............................................................................................................................1308.5 数据挖掘的应用范围....................................................................................................................1328.6 数据挖掘案例研究........................................................................................................................133小结........................................................................................................................................................146习题........................................................................................................................................................147第三部分 数 据 科 学第9章 云计算.........................................................................................................1509.1 云计算的出现...............................................................................................................................1509.2 云计算概论...................................................................................................................................1509.2.1 云计算的定义....................................................................................................................1509.2.2 云计算的发展史................................................................................................................1519.2.3 云计算的基本特征、部署模式、服务形态和判识标准................................................1539.3 云计算关键技术............................................................................................................................1549.3.1 云计算产生的基础............................................................................................................1549.3.2 云计算所涉及的关键技术................................................................................................1559.4 云计算的意义...............................................................................................................................1569.5 云计算对企业信息化的启示........................................................................................................1579.5.1 资源与资产的脱钩以及资源的弹性配置........................................................................1579.5.2 公共运行平台的做大做强................................................................................................1589.5.3 服务形态............................................................................................................................1589.6 企业实施云计算的策略与方法....................................................................................................159小结........................................................................................................................................................160习题........................................................................................................................................................161第10章 大数据及其应用.........................................................................................16210.1 大数据的概念..............................................................................................................................16210.1.1 大数据的发展..................................................................................................................16210.1.2 大数据的分类..................................................................................................................16310.2 大数据的特点..............................................................................................................................16410.3 大数据的影响..............................................................................................................................16410.4 大数据技术.................................................................................................................................16510.4.1 整体技术..........................................................................................................................16510.4.2 关键技术..........................................................................................................................16610.5 商业大数据的应用......................................................................................................................16810.5.1 大数据的商业价值..........................................................................................................16810.5.2 大数据与零售业的结合运用..........................................................................................17010.5.3 大数据在零售企业实战中的应用案例..........................................................................171 v 10.6 大数据的趋势..............................................................................................................................17410.6.1 发展方向..........................................................................................................................17410.6.2 发展趋势..........................................................................................................................17410.7 大数据的企业应对策略..............................................................................................................17510.8 大数据处理软件hadoop.............................................................................................................176小结........................................................................................................................................................181习题........................................................................................................................................................181第11章 数据科学概论.............................................................................................18211.1 数据科学与数据科学家..............................................................................................................18211.1.1 关于大数据和数据科学..................................................................................................18211.1.2 数据科学正在成长..........................................................................................................18311.1.3 数据科学的出现..............................................................................................................18411.1.4 数据化..............................................................................................................................18411.1.5 数据科学的概念..............................................................................................................18511.1.6 数据科学家......................................................................................................................18711.1.7 数据科学家的类型..........................................................................................................18811.2 探索性数据分析..........................................................................................................................19011.2.1 大数据时代的统计思维..................................................................................................19011.2.2 探索性数据分析..............................................................................................................19711.2.3 数据科学处理过程..........................................................................................................19911.2.4 探索性分析案例研究......................................................................................................20111.3 算法.............................................................................................................................................20411.3.1 机器学习算法..................................................................................................................20411.3.2 三种基本算法..................................................................................................................20511.3.3 线性回归..........................................................................................................................20611.3.4 k-近邻（k-nn）算法....................................................................................................20911.3.5 k-均值（k-means）算法................................................................................................21411.4 朴素贝叶斯算法..........................................................................................................................21611.4.1 朴素贝叶斯......................................................................................................................21711.4.2 单个单词的垃圾邮件过滤器..........................................................................................21711.4.3 含多个单词的垃圾邮件过滤器：朴素贝叶斯..............................................................21811.5 推送系统.....................................................................................................................................21911.5.1 普通推送算法介绍..........................................................................................................21911.5.2 一个实际的推送引擎......................................................................................................22211.6 数据可视化.................................................................................................................................22211.6.1 数据可视化技术..............................................................................................................22311.6.2 多维数据可视化..............................................................................................................22511.6.3 数据仪表盘......................................................................................................................225 vi 小结........................................................................................................................................................229习题........................................................................................................................................................229第12章 r 语言基础................................................................................................23012.1 r语言简介..................................................................................................................................23012.2 r软件安装..................................................................................................................................23012.3 r的函数......................................................................................................................................23212.4 r语言语法简述...........................................................................................................................23412.5 r语言案例..................................................................................................................................236小结........................................................................................................................................................237习题........................................................................................................................................................237参考文献....................................................................................................................238