流体力学与流体传动

目录 第1章绪论 1.1流体力学研究的内容和方法 1.2液压与气压传动的研究内容 1.3液压与气压传动的工作原理及基本特征 1.3.1液压与气压传动的工作原理 1.3.2液压与气压传动的基本特征 1.4液压传动系统的组成 1.5液压传动系统的图形符号表示 1.6液压传动的控制方式 1.7液压传动的优缺点 1.8液压传动技术的历史进展和发展趋势 1.8.1液压传动技术的历史进展 1.8.2液压传动技术的发展趋势 1.9液压传动的应用 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第2章液压传动工作介质 2.1液压传动工作介质的性质和选用 2.1.1液压传动工作介质的种类 2.1.2液压传动工作介质的物理性质 2.1.3液压传动工作介质的化学性质 2.1.4液压传动系统对工作介质的主要性能要求 2.1.5液压传动工作介质的选择 2.1.6液压传动工作介质的使用 2.2液压传动工作介质的污染和控制 2.2.1液压传动工作介质污染物的种类 2.2.2液压传动工作介质污染的原因 2.2.3液压传动工作介质污染度的等级 2.2.4液压传动工作介质污染度的测定 2.2.5液压传动工作介质污染的危害 2.2.6液压传动工作介质污染的控制及措施 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第3章液压流体力学基础知识 3.1液体静力学基础知识 3.1.1液体静压力及特征 3.1.2重力作用下静止液体中的压力分布和静力学基本方程 3.1.3液体静压力的传递 3.1.4绝对压力、相对压力和真空度 3.1.5液体静压力作用在固体壁面上的力 3.2液体动力学基础知识 3.2.1流动液体的基本概念 3.2.2流量连续性方程 3.2.3伯努利方程 3.2.4动量方程 3.3液体在管路中流动时的压力损失 3.3.1层流、紊流和雷诺数 3.3.2沿程压力损失 3.3.3局部压力损失 3.3.4管路系统总压力损失 3.4液体流经小孔的流量 3.5液体流经缝隙的流量 3.6空穴现象 3.7液压冲击 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第4章液压动力元件 4.1液压泵概述 4.1.1液压泵的工作原理 4.1.2液压泵的分类 4.1.3液压泵的图形符号 4.1.4液压泵的基本性能参数和计算公式 4.1.5液压泵的特性曲线和检测 4.2齿轮泵 4.2.1外啮合齿轮泵的工作原理 4.2.2外啮合齿轮泵的排量和流量公式 4.2.3外啮合齿轮泵的结构特点分析 4.2.4提高外啮合齿轮泵工作压力的措施 4.2.5渐开线内啮合齿轮泵 4.2.6摆线内啮合齿轮泵 4.2.7配装有溢流阀的内啮合齿轮泵 4.2.8齿轮泵的主要性能 4.2.9齿轮泵的优缺点 4.2.10螺杆泵 4.3叶片泵 4.3.1单作用叶片泵 4.3.2限压式变量叶片泵 4.3.3双作用叶片泵 4.3.4叶片泵的主要性能 4.3.5叶片泵的优缺点 4.4柱塞泵 4.4.1径向柱塞泵 4.4.2斜盘式轴向柱塞泵 4.4.3斜轴式轴向柱塞泵 4.4.4通轴式轴向柱塞泵 4.4.5柱塞泵的主要性能 4.4.6柱塞泵的优缺点 4.5各类液压泵的主要性能及应用 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第5章液压执行元件 5.1液压缸 5.1.1液压缸的分类及特点 5.1.2液压缸的结构形式及安装方式 5.1.3液压缸的设计与计算 5.1.4液压缸的安装和常见故障分析及排除方法 5.2数字控制液压缸和模拟控制液压缸 5.2.1数字控制液压缸 5.2.2模拟控制液压缸 5.3液压马达概述 5.3.1液压马达的特点和分类 5.3.2液压马达的基本性能参数 5.4高速液压马达 5.4.1齿轮液压马达 5.4.2叶片液压马达 5.4.3轴向柱塞液压马达 5.5低速液压马达 5.5.1单作用曲轴连杆径向柱塞液压马达 5.5.2多作用内曲线径向柱塞液压马达 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第6章液压控制元件 6.1液压控制阀概述 6.1.1液压控制阀的基本结构和工作原理 6.1.2液压控制阀的分类 6.1.3液压控制阀的基本性能参数 6.1.4对液压控制阀的基本要求 6.2压力控制阀 6.2.1溢流阀 6.2.2顺序阀 6.2.3减压阀 6.2.4压力继电器 6.3方向控制阀 6.3.1单向阀 6.3.2换向阀 6.4流量控制阀 6.4.1节流口的形式和流量特性 6.4.2节流阀 6.4.3调速阀 6.4.4溢流节流阀 6.4.5分流集流阀 6.4.6限速切断阀 6.5插装阀 6.5.1插装阀的概述与优点 6.5.2插装阀的组成和工作原理 6.5.3插装压力阀 6.5.4插装方向阀 6.5.5插装流量阀 6.6叠加阀 6.7多路阀 6.8电液伺服控制阀 6.8.1伺服控制元件的基本类型 6.8.2电液伺服控制阀 6.8.3机液伺服控制阀 6.9电液比例控制阀 6.9.1电液比例控制阀的主要性能指标 6.9.2电液比例压力控制阀 6.9.3电液比例方向控制阀 6.9.4电液比例流量控制阀 6.10电液数字控制阀 6.10.1电液数字控制阀的特点及分类 6.10.2增量式电液数字控制阀 6.10.3脉宽调制式电液数字控制阀 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第7章液压辅助元件 7.1过滤器 7.1.1过滤器的基本性能参数 7.1.2过滤器的分类和结构特点 7.1.3过滤器的选用 7.1.4过滤器的安装 7.2蓄能器 7.2.1蓄能器的类型、结构和工作原理 7.2.2蓄能器参数的计算 7.2.3蓄能器的安装和使用 7.2.4蓄能器的用途 7.3液压密封装置 7.3.1密封件的分类 7.3.2对密封装置的基本要求 7.3.3常用密封件的材料 7.3.4常见的密封方法 7.3.5常用密封件的结构与性能 7.4管道及管接头 7.4.1管道的种类及材料 7.4.2管道内径及壁厚的确定 7.4.3管道安装要求 7.4.4管接头 7.5液压油箱 7.5.1液压油箱的功能与类型 7.5.2液压油箱容积的计算 7.5.3液压油箱的设计要点 7.6加热器 7.7冷却器 7.7.1无冷却介质冷却器 7.7.2有冷却介质冷却器 7.7.3冷却器的计算 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第8章液压传动基本回路 8.1压力控制回路 8.1.1调压回路 8.1.2卸荷回路 8.1.3减压回路 8.1.4增压回路 8.1.5保压回路 8.1.6释压回路 8.1.7平衡回路 8.2速度控制回路 8.2.1概述 8.2.2节流调速回路 8.2.3容积调速回路 8.2.4容积节流调速回路 8.2.5快速运动回路 8.2.6速度换接回路 8.3方向控制回路 8.3.1换向回路 8.3.2浮动回路 8.3.3锁紧回路 8.3.4制动回路 8.4多执行元件运动控制回路 8.4.1顺序运动回路 8.4.2同步运动回路 8.4.3互不干扰回路 8.4.4多路换向阀控制回路 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第9章典型液压传动系统分析 9.1YT4543型组合机床动力滑台液压传动系统分析 9.1.1概述 9.1.2YT4543型组合机床动力滑台液压传动系统的工作原理 9.1.3YT4543型组合机床动力滑台液压传动系统的特点 9.23150kN液压机液压传动系统分析 9.2.1概述 9.2.2液压机液压传动系统及其工作原理 9.2.3液压机液压传动系统的主要特点 9.2.4液压机插装阀集成液压传动系统及其工作原理 9.3Q28型汽车起重机液压传动系统分析 9.3.1概述 9.3.2Q28型汽车起重机液压传动系统的工作原理 9.3.3Q28型汽车起重机液压传动系统的特点 9.4XSZY250A型塑料注射成型机液压传动系统分析 9.4.1概述 9.4.2塑料注射成型机液压传动系统及其工作原理 9.4.3塑料注射成型机液压传动系统的主要特点 9.5机电一体化液压挖掘机液压传动系统分析 9.5.1概述 9.5.2机电一体化液压挖掘机液压传动系统组成 9.5.3机电一体化液压挖掘机液压传动系统工作技术特点 9.6带钢光电液伺服跑偏控制系统分析 9.6.1概述 9.6.2带钢光电液伺服跑偏控制系统组成及工作原理 9.7液压助力器伺服控制系统分析 9.8计算机电液控制技术分析 9.8.1概述 9.8.2液压泵控制容积调速计算机电液控制系统组成 9.8.3液压泵控制容积调速计算机电液控制系统软件设计 9.8.4液压泵控制容积调速计算机电液控制系统硬件设计 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第10章液压传动系统的设计与计算 10.1液压传动系统的设计概述 10.2明确设计要求，进行工况分析 10.3确定液压传动系统的主要性能参数 10.4液压传动系统原理图的拟定 10.5液压元件的计算与选择 10.6液压传动系统的性能验算 10.7绘制工作图与编写技术文件 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第11章气压传动基础知识 11.1概述 11.1.1气压传动系统的组成及工作原理 11.1.2气压传动的优缺点 11.1.3气压传动的应用和发展 11.2气动工作介质的性质 11.2.1气动工作介质的组成 11.2.2气动工作介质的基本状态参数 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第12章气源装置和辅助元件 12.1气源装置 12.1.1气源装置的组成及工作原理 12.1.2空气压缩机 12.1.3主要压缩空气净化设备 12.2辅助元件 12.2.1分水滤气器 12.2.2油雾器 12.2.3消声器 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第13章气动执行元件 13.1气缸 13.1.1气缸的分类 13.1.2气缸的工作原理 13.1.3气缸的输出力和耗气量计算 13.2气马达 13.2.1气马达的分类 13.2.2气马达的工作原理 13.2.3气马达工作特性与工作压力的关系 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第14章气动控制元件 14.1压力控制阀 14.1.1减压阀 14.1.2安全阀 14.1.3单向顺序阀 14.2方向控制阀 14.2.1单向阀 14.2.2换向阀 14.3流量控制阀 14.3.1节流阀 14.3.2单向节流阀 14.3.3排气消声节流阀 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第15章气动基本回路 15.1压力控制回路 15.1.1一次压力控制回路 15.1.2二次压力控制回路 15.1.3高低压选择回路 15.2方向控制回路 15.2.1单作用气缸的换向回路 15.2.2双作用气缸的换向回路 15.3速度控制回路 15.3.1单作用气缸的节流调速控制回路 15.3.2双作用气缸的双向调速控制回路 15.4气液联动控制回路 15.4.1气液增压控制回路 15.4.2气液联动速度控制回路 15.4.3气液缸同步运动控制回路 15.5连续往复运动回路 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 第16章气动控制系统分析 16.1气动控制系统举例 16.1.1数控加工中心换刀气动系统分析 16.1.2工件夹紧气动系统分析 16.2气动行程程序控制系统的XD线图法设计 16.3气动控制系统的安装、调试、使用与维修 重点和难点课堂讨论 典型案例分析 本章小结 思考题和习题 附录A部分液压与气压传动图形符号 附录B液压与气压传动主要符号、关键词和术语中英文对照 参考文献 流体力学与流体传动 Contents Contents Chapter 1Introduction 1.1Study on fluid mechanics 1.2Study on hydraulic and pneumatic transmission 1.3Operating principles and basic features of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission 1.3.1Operating principles of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission 1.3.2Basic features of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission 1.4Components of hydraulic transmission system 1.5Diagram symbols of hydraulic transmission system 1.6Control modes of hydraulic transmission 1.7Advantages and disadvantages of hydraulic transmission 1.8Development history and trend of hydraulic transmission 1.8.1Development history of hydraulic transmission 1.8.2Trend of hydraulic transmission 1.9Applications of hydraulic transmission Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 2Hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.1Characteristics and selection and application of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.1.1Classification of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.1.2Physical characteristics of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.1.3Chemical characteristics of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.1.4Main performance requirements of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.1.5Selection of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.1.6Application of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.2Pollution and control of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.2.1Pollution classification of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.2.2Pollution causation of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.2.3Contamination grade of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.2.4Pollution measurement of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.2.5Pollution hazard of hydraulic transmission operating medium 2.2.6Pollution control and measures of hydraulic transmission operating medium Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 3Hydromechanics basic knowledge 3.1Hydrostatic mechanics basic knowledge 3.1.1Pressure and characteristics in stationary liquids 3.1.2Pressure spread in stationary liquids and basic equation of hydrostatic mechanics 3.1.3Hydrostatic pressure transmission of liquids 3.1.4Absolute pressure, relative (gauge)pressure and vacuum (negative pressure) 3.1.5Force in stationary liquids acting on surfaces of the container 3.2Hydrodynamics basic knowledge 3.2.1Basic concepts of flow liquid 3.2.2Flow continuity equation 3.2.3Bernoulli’s equation 3.2.4Momentum equation 3.3Pressure losses at the pipes’ surfaces and within the liquids as liquids move in pipes 3.3.1Laminar flow, turbulent flow and Reynold’s number of liquids 3.3.2Pressure losses at the pipes’ surfaces and within the liquids 3.3.3Pressure losses at a particular location 3.3.4Total pressure losses in pipesystem 3.4Flow of liquid moving through orifice 3.5Flow of liquid moving through narrow clearance 3.6Cavitation 3.7Pressure shock Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 4Hydraulic power components 4.1Hydraulic pumps introduction 4.1.1Operating principles of hydraulic pumps 4.1.2Classification of hydraulic pumps 4.1.3Diagram symbols of hydraulic pumps 4.1.4Basic performance and parameters and equations of hydraulic pumps 4.1.5Characteristic curves and measures of hydraulic pumps 4.2Gear pumps 4.2.1Operating principles of external gear pumps 4.2.2Displacement and flow equation of external gear pumps 4.2.3Structure characteristics of external gear pumps 4.2.4Measures to improve operating pressure of external gear pumps 4.2.5Involute internal gear pumps 4.2.6Orbit internal gear pumps 4.2.7Internal gear pumps with pressure relief valves 4.2.8Main performance of external gear pumps 4.2.9Advantages and disadvantages of gear pumps 4.2.10Screw pumps 4.3Vane pumps 4.3.1Singleacting vane pumps 4.3.2Pressure limited variable displacement vane pumps 4.3.3Doubleacting vane pumps 4.3.4Main performance of vane pumps 4.3.5Advantages and disadvantages of vane pumps 4.4Piston pumps 4.4.1Radial piston pumps 4.4.2Swash plate axial piston pumps 4.4.3Bent axis axial piston pumps 4.4.4Swash plate axial piston pumps with auxiliary pumps 4.4.5Main performance of piston pumps 4.4.6Advantages and disadvantages of piston pumps 4.5Main property and applications of hydraulic pumps Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 5Hydraulic actuators 5.1Hydraulic cylinders 5.1.1Classification and characteristics of hydraulic cylinders 5.1.2Structure and installation of hydraulic cylinders 5.1.3Design and calculation of hydraulic cylinders 5.1.4Installation and troubleshooting and repairing of hydraulic cylinders 5.2Digital control hydraulic cylinders and simulative control hydraulic cylinders 5.2.1Digital control hydraulic cylinders 5.2.2Simulative control hydraulic cylinders 5.3Hydraulic motors introduction 5.3.1Characteristics and classification of hydraulic motors 5.3.2Basic property and parameters of hydraulic motors 5.4High speed hydraulic motors 5.4.1Gear hydraulic motors 5.4.2Vane hydraulic motors 5.4.3Axial piston hydraulic motors 5.5Low speed hydraulic motors 5.5.1Singleacting crankshaft connecting rod radial piston motors 5.5.2Multiacting internal curves radial piston motors Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 6Hydraulic control components 6.1Hydraulic control valves introduction 6.1.1Basic structure and operating principles of hydraulic control valves 6.1.2Classification of hydraulic control valves 6.1.3Basic performance and parameters of hydraulic control valves 6.1.4Basic requirements for hydraulic control valves 6.2Pressure control valves 6.2.1Pressure relief valves 6.2.2Pressure sequence valves 6.2.3Pressure reducing valves 6.2.4Hydroelectric pressure switch 6.3Directional control valves 6.3.1Check valves 6.3.2Directional valves 6.4Flow control valves 6.4.1Types and flow characteristics of throttle ports 6.4.2Throttle valves 6.4.32way flow control valves with pressure compensators 6.4.43way flow control valves with pressure compensators 6.4.5Flow divider and combiners 6.4.6Limiting flow valve 6.5Cartridge valves 6.5.1Introduction and advantages of cartridge valves 6.5.2Components and operating principles of cartridge valves 6.5.3Cartridge pressure valves 6.5.4Cartridge directional valves 6.5.5Flow cartridge valves 6.6Modular valves 6.7Hydraulic multipathway control valves 6.8Electrohydraulic servo control valves 6.8.1Basic types of hydraulic servo control component 6.8.2Electrohydraulic servo control valves 6.8.3Mechanical hydraulic servo control valves 6.9Electrohydraulic proportional control valves 6.9.1Main property and parameters of electrohydraulic proportional control valves 6.9.2Electrohydraulic proportional pressure control valves 6.9.3Electrohydraulic proportional directional control valves 6.9.4Electrohydraulic proportional flow control valves 6.10Electrohydraulic digital control valves 6.10.1Characteristics and classification of electrohydraulic digital control valves 6.10.2Increment electrohydraulic digital control valves 6.10.3Pulse width modulation electrohydraulic digital control valves Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 7Hydraulic accessories 7.1Filters 7.1.1Basic property and parameters of filters 7.1.2Classification and structure characteristics of filters 7.1.3Selection and application of filters 7.1.4Installation of filters 7.2Accumulators 7.2.1Classification and structure and operating principle of accumulators 7.2.2Calculation of accumulator parameters 7.2.3Installation and use of accumulators 7.2.4Application of accumulators 7.3Hydraulic seals 7.3.1Classification of seals 7.3.2Basic requirement for seals 7.3.3Material of common seals 7.3.4General seal methods 7.3.5Structure and characteristics of common seals 7.4Pipes and pipe fittings 7.4.1Classification and material of pipes 7.4.2Determining of pipes inner diameter and wall thickness 7.4.3Installation requirement of pipes 7.4.4Pipe fittings 7.5Oil tanks 7.5.1Function and type of oil tanks 7.5.2Volume calculation of oil tanks 7.5.3Design characteristics of oil tanks 7.6Heaters 7.7Coolers 7.7.1Coolers without cooling medium 7.7.2Coolers with cooling medium 7.7.3Calculation of coolers Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 8Basic circuits of hydraulic transmission 8.1Pressure control circuits 8.1.1Pressure adjusting control circuits 8.1.2Load pressure releasing control circuits 8.1.3Pressure reducing control circuits 8.1.4Pressure increasing control circuits 8.1.5Circuits for pressure protecting 8.1.6Pressure releasing control circuits 8.1.7Pressure balancing control circuits 8.2Speed control circuits 8.2.1Introduction 8.2.2Throttle adjusting speed control circuits 8.2.3Volume adjusting speed control circuits 8.2.4Volume and throttle adjusting speed control circuits 8.2.5High speed control circuits 8.2.6Speed conversion control circuits 8.3Directional control circuits 8.3.1Directional circuits 8.3.2Circuits for lock releasing 8.3.3Locking circuits 8.3.4Brake circuits 8.4Multiactuators motion control circuits 8.4.1Sequence motion control circuits 8.4.2Synchronizing motion control circuits 8.4.3Highlow speed motion noninterference control circuits of hydraulic cylinders 8.4.4Hydraulic multipathway valves control circuits Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 9Typical hydraulic transmission systems analysis 9.1Hydraulic transmission system analysis of power work table in YT4543 combining machine tool 9.1.1Introduction 9.1.2Hydraulic transmission system and operating principles of power work table in YT4543 combining machine tool 9.1.3Main characteristics of hydraulic transmission system of power work table in YT4543 combining machine tool 9.2Hydraulic transmission system analysis of the 3150kN press machine 9.2.1Introduction 9.2.2Hydraulic transmission system and operating principles of press machine 9.2.3Main characteristics of hydraulic transmission system of press machine 9.2.4Cartridge valves integrating hydraulic transmission system and operating principles of press machine 9.3Hydraulic transmission system analysis of model Q28 automobile crane 9.3.1Introduction 9.3.2Hydraulic transmission system operating principles of model Q28 automobile crane 9.3.3Hydraulic transmission system characteristics of model Q28 automobile crane 9.4Hydraulic transmission system analysis of model XSZY250A plastic injection machine 9.4.1Introduction 9.4.2Hydraulic transmission system and operating principles of plastic injection machine 9.4.3Main characteristics of hydraulic transmission system of plastic injection machine 9.5Hydraulic transmission system analysis of mechatronics system excavator 9.5.1Introduction 9.5.2Hydraulic transmission system components of mechatronics system excavator 9.5.3Hydraulic transmission system technical characteristics of mechatronics system excavator 9.6Light and electrohydraulic servo control system analysis of metal band position error 9.6.1Introduction 9.6.2Components and operating principles of light and electrohydraulic servo control system of metal band position error 9.7Manually operated servo hydraulic cylinder control system analysis 9.8Calculator control and electrohydraulic transmission technology analysis 9.8.1Introduction 9.8.2Components of calculator control volume adjusting speed circuit and electrohydraulic transmission 9.8.3Software design of calculator control volume adjusting speed circuit and electrohydraulic transmission 9.8.4Hardware design of calculator control volume adjusting speed circuit and electrohydraulic transmission Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 10Design and calculation of hydraulic transmission system 10.1Introduction and design of hydraulic transmission system 10.2Understanding design requirements and analyzing operating load condition 10.3Determining main performance and parameters of hydraulic transmission system 10.4Drawing schematic illustration of operating principle of hydraulic transmission system 10.5Calculation and selection of hydraulic components 10.6Performance calculation of hydraulic transmission system 10.7Drawing product blueprint and compiling technical files Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 11Basic knowledge of pneumatic transmission 11.1Introduction 11.1.1Components and operating principles of pneumatic transmission system 11.1.2Advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic transmission 11.1.3Application and development of pneumatic transmission 11.2Characteristics of pneumatic operating medium 11.2.1Components of pneumatic operating medium 11.2.2Basic condition parameters of pneumatic operating medium Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 12Pneumatic power source units and accessories 12.1Pneumatic power source units 12.1.1Components and operating principles of pneumatic power source units 12.1.2Air compressor 12.1.3Main pneumatic power source cleaning units 12.2Accessories 12.2.1Separators 12.2.2Lubricators 12.2.3Mufflers Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 13Pneumatic actuators 13.1Pneumatic cylinders 13.1.1Classification of pneumatic cylinders 13.1.2Operating principles of pneumatic cylinders 13.1.3Output force and consumption calculation of pneumatic cylinders 13.2Pneumatic motors 13.2.1Classification of pneumatic motors 13.2.2Operating principles of pneumatic motors 13.2.3Operating characteristics and operating pressure of pneumatic motors Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 14Control components of pneumatic transmission 14.1Pressure control valves 14.1.1Pressure reducing valves 14.1.2Pressure relief valves 14.1.3Pressure sequence valves with check valves 14.2Directional control valves 14.2.1Check valves 14.2.2Directional control valves 14.3Flow control valves 14.3.1Throttle valves 14.3.2Throttle check valves 14.3.3Exhaust muffler and throttle valves Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 15Basic circuits of pneumatic transmission 15.1Pressure control circuits 15.1.1First grade pressure control circuits 15.1.2Second grade pressure control circuits 15.1.3Highlow pressure selection control circuits 15.2Directional control circuits 15.2.1Singleacting pneumatic piston cylinder directional circuits 15.2.2Doubleacting pneumatic piston cylinder directional circuits 15.3Speed control circuits 15.3.1Throttle adjusting speed control circuits of singleacting piston pneumatic cylinders 15.3.2Twoway throttle adjusting speed control circuits of doubleacting and singlepistonrod pneumatic cylinders 15.4Pneumatic and hydraulic acting circuits 15.4.1Pneumatic and hydraulic pressure increasing control circuits 15.4.2Speed control circuits of pneumatic and hydraulic acting 15.4.3Synchronizing motion control circuits of pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders 15.5Reciprocating circuits Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Chapter 16Analysis of pneumatic transmission control system 16.1Examples of pneumatic transmission control system 16.1.1Exchanging tool control system analysis of pneumatic transmission on numerical control machine center 16.1.2Analysis of pneumatic transmission control system used in workpiece clamped on the tooling and fixture 16.2XD method design of pneumatic transmission distance programmable control system 16.3Installation, adjusting,application and maintenance of pneumatic transmission control system Important and difficult understanding knowledge points discussion in this chapter Typical troubleshooting analysis Summary Review questions Appendix AAbstract of partial diagram symbols of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission Appendix BChinese and English key symbols, vocabularies and terms of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission Bibliography