视怎么办:眼科医生来支招

目录

Contents

**篇 扫盲篇——你真的认识近视吗？

【开篇导言】 为什么越来越多眼镜宝宝？

全球约有1.63亿人患有“高度近视”，占总人口的2.7％；预计到2050

年，1/10的世界人口都将罹患“高度近视”。我国现有的近视总人数超过

6亿，据2018年全国统计结果显示，全国儿童青少年总体近视率为53.6%。

**章 认识近视……………………………………………5

【眼科急诊室】 视力忽高忽低是怎么了？ ································5

**节 近视和屈光不正的区别是什么？你真的近视吗？ ········6

第二节 近视都有哪些分类？ ······················································13

第三节 假性近视是什么？会发展为真性近视吗？ ······························15

第四节 每个近视的人都会先远视吗？ ······································21

第五节 散光是什么？怎么判断自己有没有散光？ ··················28

第六节 弱视和近视的区别是什么？ ··········································30

【科普加油站】 哪个国家*重视近视的防控？ ······················33

第二章 近视的成因………………………………………37

【眼科急诊室】 小小年纪，高度近视 ······································37

**节 近视真的会遗传吗？ ······················································38

VI

第二节 我们如何通过眼睛这部精密的“照相机”感受世界 ·····39

第三节 揪出生活中导致近视的“真凶” ··································46

第四节 孩子成绩差，可能是眼睛的错 ······································53

第五节 看不了“3D 电影”也是一种眼科疾病吗？ ················57

【科普加油站】 “近视基因”哪家强？ ··································62

第三章 近视的预防和眼睛的保健………………………65

【眼科急诊室】 眼睛也会晒伤吗？ ··········································65

**节 孩子如何科学预防近视？ ··············································66

第二节 成年人怎样合理保护眼睛？ ··········································70

第三节 预防近视方法大辟谣 ······················································71

第四节 眼科*常见的疾病科普 ··················································74

【科普加油站】 中国对世界眼科界的*大贡献

—沙眼病原体的发现和攻克 ······················88

第二篇 治疗篇——近视了应该怎么办？

【开篇导言】 近视可以彻底治好吗？

大部分的近视成因是眼球变得太长，眼球越长，近视度数越高，近视后无

论是戴框架眼镜还是隐形眼镜，甚至是通过近视矫正手术，也无法改变眼

球变长的状态，更不会降低并发症致盲的风险。

第四章 儿童如何科学控制近视发展？…………………95

【眼科急诊室】 “神药”阿托品的副作用 ······························95

**节 如何建立儿童眼睛发育档案 ··········································96

第二节 儿童防控近视的“三驾马车” ····································101

【科普加油站】 为什么孩子总爱揉眼睛？ ····························115

VII

第五章 成年人与近视作战全攻略………………………117

【眼科急诊室】 文眼线的错 ····················································117

**节 有什么办法可以消除或者逆转近视？ ························118

第二节 近视者日常保养小贴士 ················································125

第三节 如何提防近视那些讨厌的并发症？ ····························138

【科普加油站】 近视者生孩子容易视网膜脱离，

是谣言吗？ ····················································154

第六章 选择一副合适的眼镜：

“框架”与“隐形”大不同……………………157

【眼科急诊室】 打羽毛球的惊吓 ············································157

**节 如何选择验配地点和验光师？ ····································158

第二节 框架眼镜的选择技巧和原则 ········································164

第三节 镜片的选择有哪些坑？ ················································169

第四节 软性隐形眼镜如何选？ ················································176

第五节 如何保养和护理隐形眼镜？ ········································190

第六节 框架眼镜与隐形眼镜的优缺点 ····································196

【科普加油站】 雪中送炭的隐形眼镜 ····································198

第三篇 技术篇——该不该做近视手术？

【开篇导言】 近视手术的纠结

近视眼手术已经帮助无数人顺利摘掉眼镜，但是手术方式还存在缺

陷，它并不是治愈了近视，而只是让近视者更方便地享有清晰视力，

做不做手术取决于个人的意愿、眼部条件，应理性看待近视眼手术。

【眼科急诊室】 做完近视眼手术后为什么视力还下降了？ ····204

第七章 近视激光手术安全吗？可以做吗？……………205

**节 各种角膜激光手术都是怎么完成的？ ························207

第二节 不同激光近视手术的优缺点 ········································209

第三节 具体应该选哪种激光近视手术方式？ ························212

第八章 晶体植入ICL是什么？…………………………217

**节 晶体植入ICL手术怎么做？ ·········································218

第二节 ICL和激光手术有什么不同？ ·····································219

第九章 近视手术如何选择？……………………………223

第十章 未来有哪些新的近视手术技术？………………229

【科普加油站】 近视激光手术的前世今生 ····························232

参考文献 ..................235

附　录　　……………………………………………………237