毕业设计(论文)教学与建设指导

第1 章 概述·················································································································.1 1.1 毕业设计（论文）的教育作用······················································································.1 1.2 本科毕业生应具备的基本素养及其培养·······································································.3 1.2.1 工程研发能力与素养是本科毕业生生存和发展的基本要素···········································.3 1.2.2 科学研究能力与素养关系到个人和社会的健康发展·····················································.6 1.2.3 工科类专业的毕业要求·····························································································.9 1.3 毕业设计（论文）的性质、定位和指导思想·······························································10 1.3.1 毕业设计（论文）的性质和定位················································································11 1.3.2 毕业设计（论文）的指导思想···················································································12 1.3.3 学生的毕业设计（论文）阶段是一个完整项目的实施过程···········································14 1.3.4 毕业设计（论文）是本科阶段不可替代的教学环节·····················································15 1.4 本书的定位与内容安排··································································································16 1.4.1 当前毕业设计（论文）教学中存在的典型问题····························································16 1.4.2 本书的定位与内容安排·····························································································18 1.5 本章小结·························································································································22 1.6 思考与实践·····················································································································22 第2 章 基于工程教育认证理念的毕业设计（论文）教学安排·············································23 2.1 概述·································································································································23 2.2 工程教育认证简介··········································································································24 2.2.1 工程教育认证的基本概念··························································································24 2.2.2 工程教育认证标准····································································································25 2.2.3 工程教育认证的核心理念··························································································26 2.2.4 专业培养目标及其支撑和实现···················································································27 2.2.5 持续改进机制的实现································································································31 2.3 培养方案中毕业设计（论文）的教学安排···································································31 2.3.1 毕业设计（论文）的学分数与时间安排······································································31 2.3.2 毕业设计（论文）的任务形式···················································································32 2.4 工程教育认证对毕业设计（论文）内涵的要求···························································33 2.5 毕业设计（论文）的课程目标与所支撑的毕业要求···················································35 2.5.1 毕业设计（论文）课程目标与毕业要求调研案例························································35 2.5.2 不同专业毕业设计（论文）所支撑的毕业要求····························································37 2.6 毕业设计（论文）教学环节的持续改进机制建设·······················································38 2.6.1 毕业设计（论文）教学环节持续改进机制建设的主要内容···········································38 2.6.2 针对毕业设计（论文）教学检查项目安排的建议························································40 2.6.3 毕业设计（论文）检查环节安排和建议······································································41 2.7 本章小结·························································································································43 2.8 思考与实践·····················································································································44 第3 章 毕业设计（论文）工作部署与条件准备····································································45 3.1 概述·································································································································45 3.2 毕业设计（论文）总体工作安排与基本要求·······························································47 3.2.1 毕业设计（论文）教学阶段划分与具体要求·······························································48 3.2.2 条件准备与课题安排的基本要求················································································48 3.2.3 实施与完成课题·······································································································51 3.2.4 毕业论文撰写和评阅································································································52 3.2.5 毕业答辩和成绩评定································································································52 3.2.6 总结与持续改进·······································································································53 3.3 指导教师队伍建设··········································································································53 3.3.1 指导教师的基本要求和教学规范················································································54 3.3.2 专业指导教师队伍建设·····························································································56 3.4 项目研发环境建设··········································································································57 3.4.1 项目研发环境与基本要求··························································································57 3.4.2 实践环境建设基本规范·····························································································59 3.4.3 校外实践基地建设规范·····························································································61 3.5 毕业设计（论文）管理系统··························································································61 3.6 本章小结·························································································································62 3.7 思考与实践···············································································································63 第4 章 毕业设计（论文）课题规范与相关建设····································································64 4.1 课题资源建设和管理工作概述······················································································64 4.2 课题征集与管理·······································································································65 4.2.1 课题征集·······································································································65 4.2.2 课题资源的管理与分析·····························································································67 4.2.3 课题发布与安排·······································································································67 4.3 课题的基本要求·····································································································69 4.4 课题的申报与评审·····························································································71 4.4.1 指导教师毕业设计课题立项申请················································································71 4.4.2 校外企事业单位的课题立项申请················································································74 4.4.3 学生创新型与创业型课题立项申请············································································75 4.4.4 课题内容的具体要求································································································75 4.4.5 课题的审定································································································76 4.5 课题资源建设和质量保障机制······················································································76 4.5.1 建立稳定的课题遴选机制并严格执行·········································································76 4.5.2 拓展课题资源的探索································································································78 4.5.3 课题资源建设的持续改进机制···················································································79 4.6 本章小结·················································································································79 4.7 思考与实践··············································································································80 第5 章 毕业设计（论文）开题························································································81 5.1 开题阶段工作概述·····························································································81 5.1.1 学生在开题阶段的主要任务······················································································82 5.1.2 开题阶段的教学管理工作··························································································83 5.1.3 开题阶段的质量要求································································································84 5.1.4 开题阶段的其他要求和建议······················································································84 5.2 课题调研·················································································································86 5.2.1 课题调研的基本概念································································································86 5.2.2 课题调研的基本任务································································································86 5.2.3 开题报告的基本要求································································································87 5.3 课题方案················································································································89 5.3.1 课题方案的主要内容································································································89 5.3.2 课题方案体现的特征和基本要求················································································89 5.4 课题工作计划·········································································································90 5.4.1 课题工作计划的主要内容和基本要求·········································································91 5.4.2 制订课题工作计划的维度··························································································91 5.5 开题报告与开题质量监控······················································································92 5.6 本章小结··················································································································93 5.7 思考与实践···············································································································94 第6 章 系统设计与质量监控·····························································································95 6.1 系统设计阶段工作概述·························································································95 6.1.1 系统设计阶段教学目标·····························································································95 6.1.2 基础建设与工作方案································································································96 6.2 系统设计过程具体工作·························································································97 6.2.1 进一步细化工作计划································································································97 6.2.2 在熟练掌握开发与运行平台知识的基础上推进系统设计··············································99 6.2.3 基于实验论证的关键问题解决方案设计与创新····························································99 6.2.4 毕业设计（论文）成果文档建设··············································································100 6.2.5 创新性成果的内涵与培育························································································102 6.3 系统设计阶段的质量保障与监控机制·········································································103 6.3.1 系统设计阶段指导教师与课题组建设·······································································103 6.3.2 院系和专业的质量保障与监控机制··········································································104 6.4 本章小结···············································································································105 6.5 思考与实践···········································································································106 第7 章 毕业论文规范与教学安排·················································································107 7.1 概述······················································································································107 7.2 毕业论文的定位与内容··························································································108 7.2.1 学位论文的相关概念······························································································108 7.2.2 毕业论文的定位与内容···························································································109 7.3 毕业论文的主题表述······························································································109 7.3.1 以正文（Context）系统阐述并支撑主题···································································110 7.3.2 以题名（Title,Topic）、题目或标题精准表达主题·······················································110 7.3.3 以摘要（Abstract）概述设计与主题·········································································110 7.4 毕业论文的组成····································································································111 7.4.1 毕业论文的总体组成······························································································111 7.4.2 毕业论文正文的组成框架························································································112 7.5 毕业论文相关规范·······························································································112 7.5.1 毕业论文规范涉及范围···························································································112 7.5.2 毕业论文总体参考格式···························································································113 7.5.3 毕业论文目录参考格式···························································································113 7.5.4 毕业论文正文参考格式···························································································114 7.5.5 图表参考格式········································································································115 7.5.6 公式、定义、定理、命题、算法参考格式································································117 7.5.7 参考文献参考格式··································································································117 7.6 毕业论文质量监控································································································118 7.6.1 毕业论文的评阅·····································································································118 7.6.2 专业毕业论文的质量分析························································································119 7.7 本章小结···············································································································120 7.8 思考与实践·············································································································121 第8 章 毕业答辩与成绩评定··························································································122 8.1 概述·······················································································································122 8.2 毕业答辩工作安排································································································123 8.2.1 成立院系或专业毕业答辩委员会··············································································123 8.2.2 学生毕业答辩分组安排···························································································124 8.2.3 安排答辩组评委及其工作要求·················································································124 8.2.4 制定每个学生汇报的提纲和要点··············································································124 8.2.5 发布通知·········································································································125 8.3 学生毕业答辩准备·································································································126 8.3.1 深刻理解毕业答辩的重要性····················································································126 8.3.2 认真做好书面汇报材料的组织·················································································126 8.3.3 结合口头汇报的进一步组织····················································································127 8.3.4 在汇报时间有限情况下组织汇报内容·······································································128 8.4 毕业答辩·················································································································129 8.4.1 答辩组的组织和过程管理························································································129 8.4.2 学生在答辩现场需要注意的表现··············································································130 8.5 毕业设计（论文）成绩评定························································································131 8.5.1 毕业设计（论文）成绩评定的指标与机制································································131 8.5.2 毕业设计（论文）成绩评语的“三段式”结构··························································135 8.6 本章小结················································································································136 8.7 思考与实践·············································································································137 第9 章 科技成果及其培育···························································································138 9.1 科技创新与科技成果····························································································138 9.2 常见科技成果的类型····························································································139 9.2.1 学术论文···································································································139 9.2.2 开源软件································································································140 9.2.3 软件著作权·······································································································141 9.2.4 专利···············································································································141 9.3 科技成果的培育·····································································································142 9.4 科技成果的申报··································································································143 9.4.1 学术论文的撰写·····································································································143 9.4.2 软件著作权的申报流程与案例·················································································144 9.4.3 专利的申报流程与案例···························································································145 9.5 本章小结···············································································································152 9.6 思考与实践···········································································································153 第10 章 查阅与引用文献资料·······················································································154 10.1 查阅文献资料的作用与意义······················································································154 10.2 文献资料的类型································································································155 10.3 常用的文献标准格式与引用参考文献·······································································155 10.3.1 常用的文献标准格式·····························································································155 10.3.2 参考文献的书写顺序和序号···················································································156 10.4 查阅文献资料的途径与工具······················································································157 10.4.1 通过图书馆查找···································································································157 10.4.2 通过互联网查找···································································································157 10.5 查阅文献资料的方法························································································158 10.5.1 掌握基本检索方法································································································158 10.5.2 直接法··········································································································159 10.5.3 追溯法··········································································································159 10.5.4 综合法·········································································································159 10.5.5 运筹法·············································································································159 10.6 文献资料的整理······························································································160 10.6.1 文献资料的初步整理加工······················································································160 10.6.2 文献资料的进一步整理加工···················································································161 10.7 计算机科学与技术领域外文电子信息资源举要·······················································162 10.7.1 常用英文电子期刊数据库······················································································162 10.7.2 电子图书示例·······························································································164 10.7.3 文摘索引数据库···································································································164 10.7.4 计算机科学与技术领域主要免费网络资源数据库·····················································168 10.8 查阅文献资料实例····························································································170 10.8.1 中国知网CNKI 文献检索······················································································170 10.8.2 ACM 全文数据库的检索·······················································································185 10.8.3 使用免费网络资源数据库ResearchIndex 进行检索···················································186 10.8.4 使用搜索引擎Google 进行检索··············································································188 10.8.5 从作者主页下载文献资料······················································································189 10.9 本章小结············································································································189 10.10 思考与实践······································································································189 第11 章 提升毕业设计（论文）课题质量相关建设的思考·················································190 11.1 概述····················································································································190 11.1.1 开展毕业设计（论文）课题资源建设的相关方面·····················································191 11.1.2 提升毕业设计（论文）课题质量的主要途径概述·····················································193 11.1.3 完善毕业设计（论文）课题资源建设·····································································193 11.2 以教学研究的常态化引领毕业设计（论文）课题建设············································194 11.2.1 教育部专业教学指导委员会···················································································195 11.2.2 高水平社团与教学研究专题研讨············································································195 11.2.3 深入开展教学研究支撑课题资源建设·····································································196 11.2.4 以教学研究平台主导研究与建设············································································197 11.3 以深化教师教学与科学研究构筑毕业设计（论文）主导力量································197 11.3.1 校内指导教师队伍的主导力量作用·········································································197 11.3.2 高校教师发展的基本建议······················································································198 11.4 基于校内优势构筑毕业设计（论文）特色课题平台与资源····································201 11.5 综合社会力量构筑毕业设计（论文）课题资源库···················································202 11.6 基于产学合作的校内实践见习基地建设（以滁州学院为例）································202 11.6.1 基于产教融合的毕业设计工作实例·········································································202 11.6.2 基于科教融合的毕业设计工作实例·········································································204 11.7 本章小结·········································································································205 关于附录的说明·····································································································207 附录A 课题申请表········································································································208 附录B 任务书、开题报告和过程记录表············································································213 附录C 毕业论文参考架构·······························································································217 附录D 年度工作安排时间节点参考····················································································230 附录E 毕业设计（论文）成绩评定参考标准·····································································231 附录F 毕业设计（论文）教学指导委员会参考章程·························································233 附录G 毕业设计（论文）成绩评定书框架········································································235 附录H 课题汇总参考表····································································································237 附录I 国内核心期刊的遴选体系························································································238