形而上学 Metaphysics(导读注释版)

导读
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTIONS TO PHILOSOPHY
I. Book Alpha： THE THEORY OF EXPLANATION
1. The Development of Theoretical Knowledge
2. The Nature and Goal of Wisdom
3. Early Views of Materials, Movement, and Good
4. Inadequate Uses of Material and Efficient Factors
5. Pythagorean and Parmenidean Principles
6. Platonist Material and Formal Explanations
7. Explanation as Material, Efficient, Formal, and Final
8. Critique of Early Philosophies
9. Critique of Doctrines of Ideas
10. Conclusion of the Historical Survey of Explanations
II. Book Alpha the Less: REMARKS ON PHILOSOPHIC PROCEDURES
1. Progress in Philosophic Knowledge
2. Rejection of the Infinite Regress
3. The Importance of Training in Method
III. Book Beta:TYPICAL PROBLEMS IN GENERAL PHILOSOPHY
1. An Outline of Philosophic Problems
2. Problems of Unitary Science and Varied Being
3. Problems of Genera as Principles of Explanation
4. Problems of Forms, Principles, and Unity
5. Problems of Bodily and of Mathematical Being
6. Problems of Ideas, Power, and Universality THE PROVINCE OF PHILOSOPHY
IV. Book Gamma: BEING AND KNOWLEDGE
1. The Science of Being as Being
2. The Unity of Philosophy
3. Philosophy and the Axiomatic
4. Debates about Contradiction
5. Perception, Change, and Truth
6. Right Judgment and Relativity
7. Intermediates and Excluded Middle
8. Contradiction and Futile Indiscrimination
V. Book Delta: DEFINITIONS OF TERMS
1. Beginning
2. Explanatory Factor
3. Element
4. Nature
5. Necessary
6. One
7. Being
8. Primary Being
9. Same, Other, Different, Alike
10. Opposite, Contrary, Other in Kind
11. Before and After
12. Power
13. Quantity
14. Quality
15. Relation
16. The Complete
17. Limit
18. According To, By Itself
19. Disposition
20. Habitude
21. Endurance
22. Privation
23. To Have and Hold
24. To Come From
25. Part
26. Whole
27. Mutilated
28. Genus
29. The False
30. The Accidental VI. Book Epsilon: FIRST PHILOSOPHY AND IRRELEVANT WAYS OF BEING
1. Theoretical Sciences as Natural, Mathematical, and Theological
2. Exclusion of Accidental Being from Science
3. The Genuineness of the Fortuitous
4. Exclusion of Being as the True from Science BEING AND BECOMING
VII. Book Zeta: THE SEARCH FOR PRIMARY BEING
1. Primary and Dependent Being
2. Diverse Views of Primary Being
3. Subject Matter as Primary Being
4. Definition and Integral Concepts
5. Definition and Difficult Dependent Concepts
6. Definition, Knowledge, and Objects
7. Clues in Natural and Artificial Production
8. Matter and Form Combined in Objects
9. Conditions of Types of Change
10. Definition, Analysis, and Form
11. Definition and Forms Not Easily Recognized
12. Definition and Fundamental Characteristics
13. Universals as Common Qualities
14. Universals Not Independent
15. Universals, Definition, and Knowledge
16. The Highest Universals
17. The Problem of the Unity of the Individual VIII. Book Eta: THE UNITY OF MATTER AND FORM
1. Matter and Change
2. Differentiating Characteristics and Individuality
3. Alleged Mediations Between Matter and Form
4. Emergence of Specific Objects and Events
5. Difficulties in the Logic of Change
6. The Unity of the Individual Explained IX. Book Theta: POWERS AND OPERATIONS
1. Active and Passive Power
2. Non-Rational and Rational Power
3. Power and Change
4. Power and Possibility and Impossibility
5. Juxtaposition of Complementary Powers
6. Antithesis of Power and Act
7. Conditions of Potential Being
8. Priority of Act to Power
9. Estimates of Power and Act
10. Truth and Being
X. Book Iota：UNITY AND DERIVATIVE CONCEPTS
1. Unity as Individual and Measure
2. Unity and Being as Definite
3. Unity, Plurality, and Their Derivatives
4. The Nature of Contraries
5. Conjoint Denial of Extremes
6. Opposition of Unity to Plurality
7. The Nature of Intermediates
8. Otherness as to Kinds
9. Contraries Marking Differences in Kind
10. The Perishable and the Imperishable
PHILOSOPHIC EXCERPTS
XI. Book Kappa: REPETITIONS AND QUOTATIONS
A. FROM THE METAPHYSICS
1. Questions on the Unity of Wisdom
2. Questions on the Status of Principles
3. Being and the Unity of Philosophy
4. First Science and the Axiomatic
5. The Principle of Contradiction
6. Alleged Difficulties About Contradiction
7. The Rank of Theology Among Sciences
8. Being as Accident and as Truth
B. FROM THE PHYSICS
9. Chance
10. Power, Operation, and Movement
11. The Infinite
12. Change and Movement
13. Kinds of Movement and Allied Concepts ETERNAL BEING
XII. Book Lambda: DIVINE BEING
1. Primary Beings and Their Kinds
2. Changeable Primary Being and Matter
3. Definite Change and the Forms
4. Analogies in Different Changes
5. Status of Principles Within Perishable Being
6. The Eternal Prime Mover
7. The Final Good
8. Stellar Divinities and the Divine Unity
9. Self-Activity of the Supreme Being
10. Divine Perfection and the Natural World XIII. Book Mu：MATHEMATICAL ENTITIES AND THE IDEAS
1. Views of Mathematics and of Ideas
2. Mathematics and the Concrete
3. Mathematics as Abstract
4. The Ideas as Original and Selected
5. The Ideas as Futile for Explanation
6. Views of Numbers as Explanations
7. Units of Number Alike or Unlike
8. The Nature and Derivation of Numbers
9. Numbers, Geometry, and the Ideas
10. Generality and Particular Reference of Knowledge XIV. Book Nu: Numbers, Ideas, and First Principles
1. Contrary Principles, Unity, and Plurality
2. Elements and Eternal and Plural Being
3. Numbers, Ideas, and Generation
4. Numbers, Ideas, and the Good
5. Numbers, Generation, and Explanation
6. Consequences of Fantastic Doctrines of Numbers
术语汇编与简释