汽车电气设备检修(方斌)

项目一汽车电气设备基础001
一、情境引入001
二、相关知识001
（一）汽车电气设备的组成001
（二）汽车电气设备的特点002
（三）汽车电气设备故障的基本诊断方法002
（四）汽车电气设备维修中常用的检测仪表和工具003
三、项目实施004
（一）常用检测仪表的使用004
（二）实施步骤004
四、知识与技能拓展006
（一）汽车电气设备基础元件006
（二）汽车电路常用电子元器件013
小结013
习题及思考013

项目二蓄电池的检测与维护014
一、情境引入014
二、相关知识014
（一）蓄电池的作用及类型014
（二）蓄电池的安装位置014
（三）蓄电池的结构014
（四）蓄电池的工作原理016
（五）蓄电池的技术参数017
（六）蓄电池的型号017
（七）免维护蓄电池018
（八）蓄电池的常见故障及排除019
三、项目实施020
（一）蓄电池安全使用、检查维护、充电与检测020
（二）实施步骤021
四、知识与技能拓展023
（一）蓄电池切断保护装置023
（二）蓄电池监控装置024
小结024
习题及思考024

项目三充电系统的检修025
一、情境引入025
二、相关知识025
（一）充电系统概述025
（二）交流发电机的构造026
（三）交流发电机的工作原理031
（四）电压调节器034
（五）交流发电机和电压调节器的使用与维护039
（六）充电系统的故障诊断039
三、项目实施042
（一）充电系统的检修要求042
（二）实施步骤042
四、知识与技能拓展047
（一）其他类型的发电机047
（二）部分品牌汽车发电机电路图049
（三）电源管理系统049
小结053
习题及思考053

项目四起动系统的检修054
一、情境引入054
二、相关知识054
（一）起动系统概述054
（二）起动机的构造055
（三）直流电动机056
（四）起动机的传动机构与操纵机构059
（五）起动机的控制电路063
（六）起动机的正确使用065
三、项目实施065
（一）起动系统实施要求065
（二）实施步骤065
四、知识与技能拓展073
（一）减速起动机的结构073
（二）起动/停止系统075
小结076
习题及思考077

项目五点火系统的检修078
一、情境引入078
二、相关知识078
（一）点火系统概述078
（二）点火系统的基本构造与检修079
（三）计算机控制的点火系统的构造与维修087
三、项目实施097
（一）点火系统实施要求097
（二）实施步骤097
小结097
习题及思考098

项目六汽车灯光系统的检修099
一、情境引入099
二、相关知识099
（一）照明、信号系统的作用、类型和基本组成099
（二）汽车照明系统100
（三）汽车信号系统104
三、项目实施107
（一）一汽大众宝来轿车前照灯控制系统电路图分析与检修107
（二）前照灯的维护与故障诊断113
（三）电喇叭的调整115
四、知识与技能拓展116
（一）车灯主动转向系统116
（二）奥迪A8可变照明距离117
（三）车灯开关的LIN总线电路118
小结119
习题及思考119

项目七信息显示系统的检修120
一、情境引入120
二、相关知识120
（一）汽车仪表系统120
（二）汽车报警信息系统128
三、项目实施131
（一）冷却液温度表的故障诊断131
（二）燃油表的故障诊断132
（三）电子式车速里程表的故障诊断132
四、知识与技能拓展133
（一）奥迪多媒体交互系统133
（二）平视显示系统133
（三）电子机油油面高度显示134
（四）电子驻车制动系统EPB（电子手刹）134
（五）触摸显示系统135
小结135
习题及思考135

项目八汽车辅助电气系统的检修136
一、情境引入136
二、相关知识136
（一）电动刮水器的组成与分类136
（二）刮水器系统的工作原理137
（三）清洗器系统的组成140
（四）电动刮水器和清洗器的维护与常见故障检修141
（五）电动车窗的组成与结构143
（六）电动车窗的工作原理143
（七）电动车窗的故障诊断147
三、项目实施147
（一）汽车辅助电气系统的检修147
（二）实施步骤147
四、知识与技能拓展152
（一）风窗除霜装置152
（二）电动座椅152
（三）电动后视镜155
（四）中控门锁系统156
小结158
习题及思考158

项目九汽车电气系统电路图的分析159
一、情境引入159
二、相关知识159
（一）汽车电路图的种类159
（二）常见图形符号、文字符号及标志161
（三）汽车电路的绘制及识图要领173
（四）汽车电路检修常识176
三、项目实施177
（一）汽车总电路图拆画分析177
（二）实施步骤177
四、知识与技能拓展183
小结185
习题及思考185

参考文献186




Item ⅠFundamentals of Automobile Electrical Equipment001
Ⅰ.Scene Introduction001
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge001
(Ⅰ)Composition of automobile electrical equipment001
(Ⅱ)Characteristics of the automobile electrical equipment002
(Ⅲ)Basic methods of diagnosing the faults of automobile electrical equipment003
(Ⅳ)Testing instruments and tools commonly used in the maintenance of the automobile electrical equipment004
Ⅲ.Item Implementation005
(Ⅰ)Use of commonly used measuring instruments and tools005
(Ⅱ)Implementation steps006
Ⅳ.Knowledge and Skills Expansion009
(Ⅰ)Basic components of the automobile electrical equipment009
(Ⅱ)Electronic components commonly used in automobile circuits016
Summary017
Thinking and Practice017

Item ⅡTest and Maintenance of Battery018
Ⅰ.Scene Introduction018
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge018
(Ⅰ)Function and type of battery018
(Ⅱ)Installation position of the battery018
(Ⅲ)Structure of the battery019
(Ⅳ)Working principle of the battery021
(Ⅴ)Technical parameters of the battery022
(Ⅵ)Model of battery023
(Ⅶ)Maintenance-free battery024
(Ⅷ)Common failures and troubleshooting of batteries026
Ⅲ.Item Implementation028
(Ⅰ)Safe use,inspection,maintenance,charging and testing of the battery028
(Ⅱ)Implementation steps028
Ⅳ.Knowledge and Skills Expansion032
(Ⅰ)Battery cut-off protection device of the battery032
(Ⅱ)Battery monitoring device032
Summary033
Thinking and Practice033

Item ⅢOverhaul of Charging System034
Ⅰ.Scene Introduction034
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge034
(Ⅰ)Overview of charging system034
(Ⅱ)Construction of alternator035
(Ⅲ)Working principle of alternator041
(Ⅳ)Voltage regulator046
(Ⅴ)Use and maintenance of alternator and voltage regulator052
(Ⅵ)Fault diagnosis of charging system053
Ⅲ.Item Implementation057
(Ⅰ)Maintenance requirements for the charging system057
(Ⅱ)Implementation steps057
Ⅳ.Knowledge and Skills Expansion063
(Ⅰ)Other types of generators063
(Ⅱ)Circuit diagrams of the generators of some brand automobiles066
(Ⅲ)Power management system066
Summary070
Thinking and Practice070

Item ⅣMaintenance of Starting System071
Ⅰ.Scene Introduction071
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge071
(Ⅰ)Overview of starting system071
(Ⅱ)Construction of starter073
(Ⅲ)DC motor073
(Ⅳ)Transmission mechanism and control mechanism of starter078
(Ⅴ)Control circuit of starter082
(Ⅵ)Correct use of the starter085
Ⅲ.Item Implementation085
(Ⅰ)Requirements for the implementation of the starting system085
(Ⅱ)Implementation steps085
Ⅳ.Knowledge and Skills Expansion095
(Ⅰ)Structure of deceleration starter095
(Ⅱ)Start/stop system097
Summary099
Thinking and Practice099

Item ⅤMaintenance of Ignition System100
Ⅰ.Scene Introduction100
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge100
(Ⅰ)Overview of ignition system100
(Ⅱ)Basic construction and overhaul of the ignition system102
(Ⅲ)Construction and maintenance of computer-controlled ignition system112
Ⅲ.Item Implementation126
(Ⅰ)Implementation requirements126
(Ⅱ)Implementation Steps126
Summary127
Thinking and Practice127

Item ⅥOverhaul of Automobile Lighting System128
Ⅰ.Scene Introduction128
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge128
(Ⅰ)Function,type and basic composition of the lighting and signal systems128
(Ⅱ)Automobile lighting system129
(Ⅲ)Automobile signaling system134
Ⅲ.Item Implementation139
(Ⅰ)Analysis of the circuit diagram of the control system for the headlight of the Volkswagen Bora and overhaul139
(Ⅱ)Maintenance and fault diagnosis of headlight146
(Ⅲ)Adjustment of electric horn150
Ⅳ.Knowledge and Skills Expansion151
(Ⅰ)Active steering system of lights151
(Ⅱ)Variable lighting distance of Audi A8152
(Ⅲ)LIN bus circuit for automobile light switch154
Summary154
Thinking and Practice155

Item ⅦMaintenance of Information Display System156
Ⅰ.Scene Introduction156
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge156
(Ⅰ)Automobile instrument system156
(Ⅱ)Automobile alarm information system168
Ⅲ.Item Implementation172
(Ⅰ)Fault diagnosis of coolant thermometer172
（Ⅱ）Fault diagnosis of fuel gauge173
（Ⅲ）Fault diagnosis of electronic speedometer173
Ⅳ.Knowledge and Skills Expansion174
(Ⅰ)The Audi multimedia interactive system174
(Ⅱ)Head-up display system174
(Ⅲ)Electronic oil level height indication175
(Ⅳ)Electronic park brake system（EPB）176
(Ⅴ)Touch display system177
Summary177
Thinking and Practice178

Item ⅧOverhaul of Automobile Auxiliary Electrical System179
Ⅰ.Scene Introduction179
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge179
(Ⅰ)Composition and classification of electric wiper179
(Ⅱ)Working principle of wiper system181
(Ⅲ)Composition of the cleaning system185
(Ⅳ)Maintenance and troubleshooting of electric wiper and cleaner186
(Ⅴ)Composition and structure of electric windows188
(Ⅵ)Working principle of electric window189
(Ⅶ)Fault diagnosis of electric window193
Ⅲ.Item Implementation193
(Ⅰ)Overhaul of automobile auxiliary electrical system193
(Ⅱ)Implementation steps193
Ⅳ.Knowledge and Skills Expansion200
(Ⅰ)Window defrost device200
(Ⅱ)Electric seat200
(Ⅲ)Electric rear-view mirror204
(Ⅳ)Central control door lock system205
Summary207
Thinking and Practice208

Item ⅨAnalysis of Circuit Diagram of Automobile
Electrical System209Ⅰ.Scene Introduction209
Ⅱ.Related Knowledge209
(Ⅰ)Type of automobile circuit diagram209
(Ⅱ)Common graphic symbols,letter symbols and signs212
(Ⅲ)Key points for drawing and reading automobile circuits227
(Ⅳ)Common knowledge of automobile circuit overhaul232
Ⅲ.Item Implementation234
(Ⅰ)Analysis of decomposing the general automobile circuit diagram234
(Ⅱ)Implementation steps234
Ⅳ.Knowledge and Skills Expansion240
Summary243
Thinking and Practice243