一般外科的常见问题

perioperative treatment
　chapter 1 surgery overview, anesthesia and asepsis technique
　　surgery overview
　　knowledge about anesthesia
　　aseptic technique
　chapter 2 basic surgical procedure
　　basic techniques
　　operative techniques
　　surgical anatomy “pearls”
　　operative knowledge and techniques
　chapter 3 electrolyte disturbance and acidbase imbalance
　　fluid metabolism imbalance
　　acidbase imbalance
　　blood gas analysis
　chapter 4 blood transfusion
　　the indications of blood transfusion and estimates
　　the complications of blood transfusion
　　basic knowledge of blood transfusion
　chapter 5 preoperative and postoperative management
　　preoperative preparation and treatment
　　fluid compartments and clinical significance
　　postoperative electrolyte disturbance
　　how to count for nutrition treatment
　　postoperative treatment for anesthesia and surgery
　　preoperative examinations
　chapter 6 surgical infection
　　outline
　　mechanism of action and side effects of antibiotics
　　appropriate use of antibiotics
　　gas gangrene
　　urinary tract infection
　　catheterassociated infection
　　wound infection
　　pseudomembranous colitis
　　tetanus and necrotizing fasciitis
　　abscess
　　suppurative hidradenitis
　　furuncle and carbuncle
　　prevention of infection
　chapter 7 shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
　　shock and classification
　　mods and organ failure
　chapter 8 preoperative medication in general surgery
　　antibiotics treatment for perioperative treatment
　　other medication
　chapter 9 prevention and treatment of postoperative complications fever
　　wound infection and dehiscence
　　pulmonary complications
　　dvt
　　postoperative jaundice
　　complications followed gastrectomy
　　pancreatitis
　　diabetic ketoacidosis
　　cerebrovascular accidents
　　wound infection and dehiscence
　　renal failure
　　dic
　　abdominal compartment syndrome
　　addisonian crisis
　　urinary retention
　　pseudomembranous colitis
　　others
　chapter 10 intravenous prescription and surgical nutrition
　　fluid therapy
　　how to prescribe iv injection
　　nutritional status and deficiency
　　total parenteral nutrition
　　overload injection and hypovolaemia
　　enteral nutrition
generalrelevant diseases
　chapter 11 trauma and abdominal injury
　　diagnosis and treatment
　　head and neck injury
　　lung and heart injury
　　abdominal trauma
　　vascular injury
　　miscellaneous trauma facts
　chapter 12 burns and environmental damage
　　definition and physiology of burn
　　classification
　　complications of burns
　　treatment
　　burns due to other causes
　　environmental damage altitude sickness
　　decompression sickness
　　sunstroke
　　frostbite
　　electrical injuries
　　dog bites
　　snake bite
　　bee sting
　　cat bite
　chapter 13 tumors and surgical oncology
　　general outline
　　diagnosis and tumor marker
　　treatment methods
　　cancer prevention
　　oncological emergencies
　　soft tissue sarcoma
　　lymphoma
　　skin lesions
　　melanoma
　　skin tumorlike lesions
　　skin graft
　　desmoid tumor
　　cancer metastasis
　　tumorassociated syndrome
　　pleural effusion
　　differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules
　　children cancers
　chapter 14 transplantation
　　outline
　　kidney transplant
　　liver transplantation
　　pancreas transplantation
　　intestinal transplantation
　　complications after organ transplantation
neck diseases
　chapter 15 thyroid and parathyroid disease
　　anatomy and physiology
　　diagnosis and differential diagnosis
　　goiter and thyroiditis
　　hyperthyroidism and thyroid crisis
　　hypothyroidism
　　thyroid cancer
　　parathyroid disease
　　surgery
　chapter 16 differential diagnosis of neck mass
　　differential diagnosis
　　thyroglossal duct cyst
　　cystic hygroma
　　branchiogenic anomalies
breast diseases
　chapter 17 breast disease
　　regional anatomy
　　risk factors associated with breast cancer
　　clinical presentation of breast cancer
　　diagnosis of breast cancer
　　surgery for breast cancer
　　postoperative complications
　　hormonal therapy
　　special types of breast cancer
　　screening
　　male breast cancer
　　fibroadenoma and phyllodes tumor
　　male breast disease
　　other breast diseases
　　differential diagnosis of breast mass and nipple discharge
acute abdomen and peritonitis
　chapter 18 acute abdomen and peritonitis
　　acute abdomen
　　peritonitis
　　abdominal paracentesis
　　pneumoperitoneum
　　abdominal compartment syndrome
　　meconium peritonitis
gastrointestinal diseases
　chapter 19 gastroduodenal diseases
　　anatomy and physiology
　　peptic ulcer
　　benign tumor and gist
　　diseases of stomach
　　gastric cancer
　　postoperative complications
　　duodenal ulcers
　　gastric lymphoma
　　duodenal stricture
　　obesity surgery
　chapter 20 intestinal obstruction
　　general outline
　　small bowel obstruction
　　pseudoobstruction and ogilvie syndrome
　　large bowel obstruction
　　meconium
　　other gi obstructions
　　surgical radiology
　chapter 21 small intestine diseases
　　applied anatomy
　　wilkie's syndrome
　　meckel's diverticulum
　　acute necrotizing enteritis
　　small bowel tumor
　　short bowel syndrome
　　intestinal tuberculosis
　　intestinal intussusception, ameba and gi tract duplication
　　mesenteric vascular disease
　　special postoperative sequence of small resection
　chapter 22 disease of appendix
　　appendicitis
　　appendiceal tumor
　chapter 23 colon disease
　　regional anatomy
　　colon cancer
　　hirschsprung's disease and megacolon
　　intestinal malrotation
　　bowel volvulus
　　colorectal polyps and adenoma
　　gardner's syndrome
　　diverticular disease of the colon
　　other colonic diseases
　　intussusception
　　intestinal fistula
　　ostomy and fistula
　chapter 24 inflammatory bowel disease
　　crohn's disease
　　ulcerative colitis
　chapter 25 rectal disease
　　regional anatomy
　　incidence, clinical presentation and diagnosis of rectal disease
　　surgery for rectal cancer
　chapter 26 anal disease
　　hemorrhoids
　　anorectal fistula and abscess
　　anal fissure
　　anal canal tumor
　　fecal continence
　　rectal proplapse
liver, bile duct and pancreas diseases
　chapter 27 liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension
　　portal hypertension
　　hepatic encephalopathy
　　buddchiari syndrome
　chapter 28 liver diseases
　　anatomy
　　classification of liver function
　　liver tumor
　　benign liver tumor
　　liver abscess
　　liver cyst
　chapter 29 gallbladder and bile duct disease
　　basic knowledge
　　gallbladder diseases
　　common bile duct
　　cholangiocarcinoma
　　jaundice
　　surgical procedure
　　choledochal cyst
　chapter 30 pancreatic diseases
　　anatomy and physiology
　　pancreatitis
　　pancreatic abscess and cyst
　　pancreatic and periampullary carcinoma
　　other pancreatic neoplasm
　　surgical procedures
　　other pancreatic disease
　chapter 31 spleen diseases
　　regional anatomy and function
　　hypersplenism and hyposplenism
　　spl