The physical principles of the quantum theory(海森堡量子物理原理)

FOREWORD BY ARTHUR H. COMPTON PREFACEINTRODUCTORY Theory and Experiment The Fundamental Concepts of Quantum Theory a) Wilson Photographs b) Diffraction of Matter Waves (Davisson and Germer, Thomson, Rupp) c) The Diffraction of X-Rays d) The Compton-Simon Experiment e) The Collision Experiments of Franck and Hertz CRITIQUE OF THE PHYSICAL CONCEPTS OF THE CORPUSCULAR THEORY The Uncertainty Relations Illustrations of the Uncertainty Relations a) Determination of the Position of a Free Particle b) Measurement of the Velocity or Momentum of a Free Particle c) Bound Electrons d) Energy MeasurementsIII. CRITIQUE OF THE PHYSICAL CONCEPTS OF THE WAVE THEORYThe Uncertainty Relations for Waves Discussion of an Actual Measurement of the Electromagnetic Field THE STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION OF QUANTUM THEORY Mathematical Considerations Interference of Probabilities Bohr's Concept of Complementarity DISCUSSION OF IMPORTANT EXPERIMENTS The C. T. R. Wilson Experiments Diffraction Experiments The Experiment of Einstein and Rupp Emission, Absorption, and Dispersion of Radiation a) Application of the Conservation Laws b) Correspondence Principle and the Method of Virtual Charges c) The Complete Treatment of Radiation and Matter Interference and the Conservation Laws The Compton Effect and the Compton-Simon Experiment Radiation Fluctuation Phenomena Relativistic Formulation of the Quantum TheoryAPPENDIX: THE MATHEMATICAL APPARATUS OF THE QUANTUM THEORYThe Corpuscular Concept of Matter The Transformation Theory The Schrödinger Equation The Perturbation Method Resonance between Two Atoms: the Physical Interpretation of the Transformation Matrices The Corpuscular Concept for Radiation Quantum Statistics The Wave Concept for Matter and Radiation: Classical Theory Quantum Theory of Wave Fields Application to Waves of Negative Charge Proof of the Mathematical Equivalence of the Quantum Theory of Particles and of Waves Application to the Theory of RadiationINDEX