动物学

GENERAL EDITOR'S PREFACE PREFACE I'HE ORGANIZATION OF ANIMAL LIFE PAPERS RELATING TO COMPARATIVE AND SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY AND THE ORGANIZATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL Revival of Biological Inquiry Renaissance of Anatomy Beginnings of Comparative Anatomy Beginnings of Modern Ornithology Birth of Modern Systematic Zoology Taxonomy Applied to Man Biological Basis of Comparative Anthropology Beginnings of Exact Anatometry Basic Morphological Types Rise of the Tissue Concept Naturphilosophie Meckel on Method in Anatomy Introduction of the Cell Theory Establishiment of the Unicellular Condition of the Protozoa Cellular Basis of Histology THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ANIMAL ORGANISM CONTRIBUTIONS TO PHYSIOLOGY Early Gropings toward an Idea of Metabolism Circulation Postulated Valves Discovered in the Veins Proof of Circulation Thcory of the Circulation Discovery of Lyinphatic System Mechanistic Basis of Physiology Early Studies on Respiration Direct Observation of Capillary Circulation Transfusions Accomplished Interpretation of Kidney Function First Published Account of Sperm The Physics of Flight Early Studies on the Mechanics of Circulation Reproductive Physiology of Invertebrates Parthenogenesis Proven Mechanism in the Eighteenth Century Solution of Food in the Stomach Early Experimental Study on Coagulation Respiratory Interdependence of Animals and Plants Respiration as Utilization of Oxygen Animal Electricity Rise of Modern Physiology of Digestion Biochemical Nature of Nutrition Formation of Sugar in the Liver Analysis of Adrenal Function Recognition of the Colloid Condition Life Existing Independently in an \"Internal Environment Physiological Action of a Hormone Demonstrated Biochemical Definition of Life Biochemical Character of Dietary Deficiency THE BASIS OF ANIMAL BEHAVIOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GENERAL ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY Mechanistic Basis of Physiological Psychology Early Concept of Cerebral Localization Irritability Recognized and Defined Recognition of Reflex Action Beginnings of Modern Theory of Vision and Color Vision Functions of the Dorsal and Ventral Roots of the Spinal Nerves Spinal Nerve Roots Specific Nerve Energies The Speed of the Nerve Impulse On the Instincts of Insects Conditioned Reflexes THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDIVIDUAL Revival of Descriptive Embryology Earliest Illustrated Embryological Treatise Epigenetic Theory of Development The Quest for the Mammalian Egg Early Experimental Studies of \"Spontaneous Generation Preformation Theory Revival of Epigenesis Early Experimental Study of Regencration Doctrine of Preformation Early Opposition to Spontaneous Generation Materialism, Evolution, and Epigenesis Embryology and Evolution Germ Layers as Homologies Descriptive Embryology Comes of Age Experimental Analysis of Developmental Mechanics Totipotency of Blastomeres The Growth of Isolated Tissue in Vitro CELLULAR BIOLOGY Description of Cellss Protozoa Discovered Bacteria Described Description of Sarcode Status of the Protozoa Prior to Enunciation of General Cell Theory The General Cell Theory Omnis Cellula E Cellula Establishment of the Classical Concept of Protoplasm Chromosome Cycle Clarified Significance of Sexuality Protoplasmic Models Mechanism of Sex Determination PATHOLOGY CONTRIBUTIONS TO PARASITOLOGY AND TO THE BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF PATHOLOGY Germ Theory of Disease Pathology as Objective Biology Foundations of Modern Medical Physiology From Humoral to Anatomical Pathology Artificial Active Immunization Disease as the Result of Dietary Defciency Alternation of Generations and Hosts Foundations of Cellular Pathology Determinism and Medicine Insect Transmission of Disease Immunity via Artificially Attenuated Virus Insects as Vectors of Disease General Zoological Interpretation of Inflammation Substances Which Cannot Be Absent without Injury EVOLUTION AND HEREDITY PAPERS RELATED T