英语模拟试题与解析-2019全国硕士研究生招生考试管理类专业学位联考

模拟试题一 Section ⅠUse of English Directions： Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) During the 1980s,unemployment in some countries was as high as 90 percent.Some countries did not 1 enough food； basic needs in housing and clothing were not 2.Many of these countries looked to the industrial processes of the developed nations 3 solutions. 4,problems cannot always be solved by copying the industrialized nations.Industry in the developed nations is highly automated and very 5.It provides fewer jobs than laborintensive industrial processes,and highly 6 workers are needed to 7 and repair the equipment.These workers must be trained,8 many nations do not have the necessary training institutions.Thus,the 9 of importing industry becomes higher.Students must be sent abroad to 10 vocational and professional training.11,just to begin training,the students must 12 learn English,French,German,or Japanese.The students then spend many years abroad,and 13 do not return home. All nations agree that science and technology 14 be shared.The point is： countries 15 the industrial processes of the developed nations need to look carefully 16 the costs,because many of these costs are 17.Students from these nations should 18 the problems of the industrialized countries closely.19 care,they will take home not the problems of science and technology,20 the benefits. 1. ［A］ generate［B］ raise［C］ produce［D］ manufacture 2. ［A］ answered［B］ met［C］ calculated［D］ remembered 3. ［A］ for［B］ without［C］ as［D］ about 4. ［A］ Moreover［B］ Therefore［C］ Anyway［D］ However 5. ［A］ expensive［B］ mechanical［C］ flourishing［D］ complicated 6. ［A］ gifted［B］ skilled［C］ trained［D］ versatile 7. ［A］ keep［B］ maintain［C］ retain［D］ protect 8. ［A］ since［B］ so［C］ and［D］ yet 9. ［A］ charge［B］ price［C］ cost［D］ value 10. ［A］ accept［B］ gain［C］ receive［D］ absorb 11. ［A］ Frequently［B］ Incidentally［C］ Deliberately［D］ Eventually 12. ［A］ soon［B］ quickly［C］ immediately［D］ first 13. ［A］ some［B］ others［C］ several［D］ few 14. ［A］ might［B］ should［C］ would［D］ will 15. ［A］ adopting［B］ conducting［C］ receiving［D］ adjusting 16. ［A］ to［B］ at［C］ on［D］ about 17. ［A］ opaque［B］ secret［C］ sealed［D］ hidden 18. ［A］ tackle［B］ learn［C］ study［D］ manipulate 19. ［A］ In［B］ Through［C］ With［D］ Under 20. ［A］ except［B］ nor［C］ or［D］ but Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Directions： Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40 points) Text 1 Womens minds work differently from mens.At least,that is what most men are convinced of.Psychologists view the subject either as a matter of frustration or a joke.Now the biologists have moved into this minefield,and some of them have found that there are real differences between the brains of men and women.But being different,they point out hurriedly,is not the same as being better or worse. There is,however,a definite structural variation between the male and female brain.The difference is in a part of the brain that is used in the most complex intellectual processes—the link between the two halves of the brain. The two halves are linked by a trunkline of between 200 and 300 million nerves,the corpus callosum.Scientists have found quite recently that the corpus callosum in women is always larger and probably richer in nerve fibers than it is in men.This is the first time that a structural difference has been found between the brains of women and men and it must have some significance.The question is “What?”,and,if this difference exists,are there others? Research shows that presentday women think differently and behave differently from men.Are some of these differences biological and inborn,a result of evolution? We tend to think that is the influence of society that produces these differences.But could we be wrong? Research showed that these two halves of the brain had different functions,and that the corpus callosum enabled them to work together.For most people,the left half is used for word handing,analytical and logical activities； the right half works on pictures,patterns and forms.We need both halves working together.And the better the connections,the more harmoniously the two halves work.And,according to research findings,women have the better connections. But it isnt all that easy to explain the actual differences between skills of men and women on this basis.In schools throughout the world girls tend to be better than boys at “language subjects” and boys better at maths and physics.If these differences correspond with the differences in the hemispheric trunkline,there is an unalterable distinction between the sexes. We shant know for a while,partly because we dont know of any precise relationship between abilities in school subject and the functioning of the two halves of the brain,and we cannot understand how the two halves interact via the corpus callosum.But this striking difference must have some effect and,because the difference is in the parts of the brain involved in intellect,we should be looking for differences in intellectual processing. 21. Which of the following statements is CORRECT? ［A］ Biologists are conducting research where psychologists have given up. ［B］ Brain differences point to superiority of one sex over the other. ［C］ Results of scientific research fail to support popular belief. ［D］ The structural difference in the brains between the sexes has long been known. 22. According to the passage it is commonly believed that brain differences are caused by factors. ［A］ biological［B］ psychological［C］ physical［D］ social 23. “these differences” in paragraph 5 refer to those in . ［A］ skills of men and women ［B］ school subjects ［C］ the brain structure of men and women ［D］ activities carried out by the brain 24. At the end of the passage the author proposes more work on . ［A］ the brain structure as a whole ［B］ the functioning of part of the brain ［C］ the distinction between the sexes ［D］ the effects of the corpus callosum 25. What is the main purpose of the passage? ［A］ To outline the research findings on the brain structure. ［B］ To explain the link between sex and brain structure. ［C］ To discuss the various factors that cause brain differences. ［D］ To suggest new areas in brain research. Text 2 Information is the primary commodity in more and more industries today. By 2005,83% of American management personnel will be knowledge workers.Europe and Japan are not far behind. By 2005,half of all knowledge workers (22% of the labor force) will choose “flextime,flexplace” arrangements,which allow them to work at home,communicating with the office via computer networks. In the United States,the socalled “digital divide” seems to be disappearing.In early 2000,a poll found,that,where half of white households owned computers,so did fully 43% of AfricanAmerican households,and their numbers were growing rapidly.Hispanic households continued to lag behind,but their rate of computer ownership was expanding as well. Companyowned and industrywide television networks are bringing programming to thousands of locations.Business TV is becoming big business. Computer competence will approach 100% in US urban areas by the year 2005,with Europe and Japan not far behind. 80% of US homes will have computers in 2005,compared with roughly 50% now.In the United States,5 of the 10 fastestgrowing careers between now and 2005 will be computer related.Demand for programmers and systems analysts will grow by 70%.The same trend is accelerating in Europe,Japan,and India. By 2005,nearly all college texts and many high school and junior high books will be tied to Internet sites that provide source material,study exercises,and relevant news articles to aid in learning.Others will come with CDROMs that offer similar resources. Internet links will provide access to the card catalogues of all the major libraries in the world by 2005.It will be possible to call up on a PC screen millions of volumes from distant libraries.Web sites enhance books by providing pictures,sound,film clips,and flexible indexing and search utilities. Implications： Anyone with access to the Internet will be able to achieve the education needed to build a productive life in an increasingly hightech world.Computer learning may even reduce the growing American prison population. Knowledge workers are generally better paid than less skilled workers.Their wealth is raising overall prosperity. Even entrylevel workers and those in formerly unskilled positions require a growing level of education.For a good career in almost any field,computer competence is a must.This is one major trend raising the level of education required for a productive role in todays work force.For many workers,the opportunity for training is becoming one of the most desirable benefits any job can offer.