量子力学导论Quantum Mechanics an Introduction

1.The Quantization of Physical Quantifies 1.1 Light Quanta 1.2 The Photoelectric Effect 1.3 The Compton Effect 1.4 The Ritz Combination Principle 1.5 The Franck-Hertz Experiment 1.6 The Stem-Gerlach Experiment 1.7 Biographical Notes 2.The Radiation Laws 2.1 A Preview of the Radiation of Bodies 2.2 What is Cavity Radiation? 2.3 The Rayleigh-Jeans Radiation Law:The Electromagnetic Eigenmodes of a Cavity 2.4 Planck's Radiation Law 2.5 Biographical Notes 3.Wave Aspects of Matter 3.1 De Broglie Waves 3.2 The Diffraction of Matter Waves 3.3 The Statistical Interpretation of Matter Waves 3.4 Mean (Expectation) Values in Quantum Mechanics 3.5 Three Quantum Mechanical Operators 3.6 The Superposition Principle in Quantum Mechanics 3.7 The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle 3.8 Biographical Notes 4.Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics I 4.1 Properties of Operators 4.2 Combining Two Operators 4.3 Bra and Ket Notation 4.4 Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions 4.5 Measurability of Different Observables at Equal Times 4.6 Position and Momentum Operators 4.7 Heisenberg's Uncertainty Relations for Arbitrary Observables 4.8 Angular-Momentum Operators 4.9 Kinetic Energy 4.10 Total Energy 4.11 Biographical Notes 5.Mathematical Supplement 5.1 Eigendifferentials and the Normalization of Eigenfunctions for Continuous Spectra 5.2 Expansion into Eigenfunctions 6.The Schrodinger Equation 6.1 The Conservation of Particle Number in Quantum Mechanics 6.2 Stationary States 6.3 Properties of Stationary States 6.4 Biographical Notes 7.The Harmonic Oscillator 7.1 The Solution of the Oscillator Equation 7.2 The Description of the Harmonic Oscillator by Creation and Annihilation Operators 7.3 Properties of the Operators a and a+ 7.4 Representation of the Oscillator Hamiltonian in Terms of a and a+ 7.5 Interpretation of a and a+ 7.6 Biographical Notes 8.The Transition from Classical to Quantum Mechanics 8.1 Motion of the Mean Values 8.2 Ehrenfest's Theorem 8.3 Constants of Motion, Laws of Conservation 8.4 Quantization in Curvilinear Coordinates 8.5 Biographical Notes 9.Charged Particles in Magnetic Fields 9.1 Coupling to the Electromagnetic Field 9.2 The Hydrogen Atom 9.3 Three-Dimensional Electron Densities 9.4 The Spectrum of Hydrogen Atoms 9.5 Currents in the Hydrogen Atom 9.6 The Magnetic Moment 9.7 Hydrogen-like Atoms 9.8 Biographical Notes 10.The Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics II 10.1 Representation Theory 10.2 Representation of Operators 10.3 The Eigenvalue Problem 10.4 Unitary Transformations 10.5 The S Matrix 10.6 The Schrodinger Equation in Matrix Form 10.7 The Schrtdinger Representation 10.8 The Heisenberg Representation 10.9 The Interaction Representation 10.10 Biographical Notes 11.Perturbation Theory 11.1 Stationary Perturbation Theory 11.2 Degeneracy 11.3 The Ritz Variational Method 11.4 Time-Dependent Perturbation Theory 11.5 Time-Independent Perturbation 11.6 Transitions Between Continuum States 11.7 Biographical Notes 12.Spin 12.1 Doublet Splitting 12.2 The Einstein-de Haas Experiment 12.3 The Mathematical Description of Spin 12.4 Wave Functions with Spin 12.5 The Pauli Equation 12.6 Biographical Notes 13.A Nonreintivistic Wave Equation with Spin 13.1 The Linearization of the Schrtdinger Equation 13.2 Particles in an External Field and the Magnetic Moment 14.Elementary Aspects of the Quantum-Mechanical Many-Body Problem 14.1 The Conservation of the Total Momentum of a Particle System 14.2 Centre-of-Mass Motion of a System of Particles in Quantum Mechanics 14.3 Conservation of Total Angular Momentum in a Quantum-Mechanical Many-Particle System 14.4 Small Oscillations in a Many-Particle System 14.5 Biographical Notes 15.Identical Particles 15.1 The Pauli Principle 15.2 Exchange Degeneracy 15.3 The Slater Determinant 15.4 Biographical Notes 16.The Formal Framework of Quantum Mechanics 16.1 The Mathematical Foundation of Quantum Mechanics:Hilbert Space 16.2 Operators in Hilbert Space 16.3 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 16.4 Operators with Continuous or Discrete-Continuous (Mixed) Spectra 16.5 Operator Functions 16.6 Unitary Transformations 16.7 The Direct-Product Space 16.8 The Axioms of Quantum Mechanics 16.9 Free Particles 16.10 A Summary of Perturbation Theory 17.Conceptual and Philosophical Problems of Quantum Mechanics 17.1 Determinism 17.2 Locality 17.3 Hidden-Variable Theories 17.4 Bell's Theorem 17.5 Measurement Theory 17.6 Schrodinger's Cat 17.7 Subjective Theories 17.8 Classical Measurements 17.9 The Copenhagen Interpretation 17.10 Indelible Recording 17.11 The Splitting Universe 17.12 The Problem of Reality Subject Index