生态学

AbbreviationsPrefaceSection A - Introduction to ecology A1 What is ecology? A2 Ten rules in ecologySection B - Adaptation to the environment B1 Adaptation B2 Coping with environmental variation B3 The nicheSection C - Climate C1 Solar radiation and climate C2 MicroclimateSection D - Water D1 The properties of water D2 Plants and water D3 Animals and waterSection E - Temperature E1 Temperature and metabolism E2 Responses to temperature E3 Temperature and species distributionSection F - Radiation F1 Solar radiation and plantsSection G - Nutrients G1 Sources and cycles G2 Plants and consumers G3 Soil formation, properties and classificationSection H - Population ecology H1 Populations and population structure H2 Natality, mortality and population growth H3 Density and density dependence H4 Population dynamics - fluctuations, cycles and chaosSection I - Competition I1 The nature of competition I2 Intraspecific competfion I3 Resource partitioningSection J - Predation J1 The nature of predation J2 Predator behavior and prey responseSection K - Parasitism K1 The nature of parasitism K2 The dynamics of parasitismSection L - Mutualism L1 MutualismSection M - Life history patterns M1 Life historySection N - Behavioral ecology N1 Social groups, cooperation and altruism N2 Sex in ecologySection O - Population genetics O1 Genetic variation 02 SpeciationSection P - Ecosystem processes P1 Components and processes P2 Primary and secondary production P3 Food chainsSection Q - Communities Q1 The community, structure and stability Q2 Island communities and colonization Q3 Community patterns, competition and predationSection R - Community dynamics R1 Succession R2 Community responses to disturbanceSection S - Biomes S1 Ecosystem patterns $2 Grasslands $3 Tundra $4 Forests $5 Deserts, semi-deserts and shrubland $6 Saltwater biomes $7 Freshwater biomesSection T - Harvesting T1 Harvesting theory T2 Fishing and whalingSection U - Pest control U1 The pest problem and control strategies U2 Pesticides and problems U3 Biological control and integrated pest managementSection V - Conservation V1 Rare species, habitat loss and extinction V2 Conservation strategies V3 Biological resources and gene banksSection W - Pollution and global warming W1 Air, water and soil pollutants W2 Greenhouse gases and global warming W3 OzoneSection X - The ecology of agriculture X1 Soil erosion and agriculture X2 Nutrient, water and energy useFurther reading