欧洲人权法院判例指南

目 录 上 卷《欧洲人权公约》第4条适用指南 禁止蓄奴和强迫劳动 读者须知 一般性规则 第4条的结构 解释的规则 人口贩卖的特殊情况 禁止蓄奴和强迫劳动 免予被蓄奴或奴役的自由 免予强迫或强制劳动的自由 范围限制 国家的积极义务 建立适当的立法和行政体系的义务 采取保护措施的义务 进行调查的程序性义务援引案例一览 Chapter Ⅰ Guide on Article 4 of the European Convention onHuman Rights Prohibition of Slavery and Forced Labour Note to readers Ⅰ.General principles A.Structure of Article 4 B.Principles of interpretation C.Specific context of human trafficking Ⅱ.The prohibition of slavery and forced labour A.Freedom from slaveryor servitude B.Freedom from forced or compulsory labour C.Delimitations Ⅲ.Positive obligations A.The positive obligation to put in place an appropriate legislative and administrative framework B.The positive obligation to take operational measures C.The proceduralobligation to investigate List of cited cases《欧洲人权公约》第5条适用指南 人身自由和安全权 读者须知 适用范围 剥夺人身自由 适用标准 监狱中采取的措施 对乘飞机者进行安检 正式逮捕或拘留之外剥夺人身自由 剥夺他人自由的积极义务 第5条第1款下拘留的合法性 第5条的目的 符合国内法 对遵循国内法的审查 一般规则 法律确定性原则 禁止任意行为 法院指令 对决定的论证以及对非任意的要求 可接受的程序瑕疵 延迟执行释放指令 第5条第1款下授权剥夺人身自由的情形 定罪后监禁 不遵守法院指令或法律义务的拘留 还押候审 对未成年人的拘留 基于社会和医疗原因的拘留 拘留外国人 被剥夺人身自由的人应该得到的保障 拘留理由(第5条第2款) 被立即送交法官的权利(第5条第3款) 在合理的时间内得到审判或者在审判期间获得释放的权利(第5条第3款) 要求法庭迅速审查拘留合法性的权利（第5条第4款） 因非法拘留得到赔偿的权利(第5条第5款)援引案例一览 Chapter Ⅱ Guide on Article 5 of the Convention Right to Liberty and Security Note to readers Ⅰ.Scope of application A.Deprivation of liberty B.Criteria to be applied C.Measures adopted within a prison D.Security checks of air travellers E.Deprivation of libertyoutside formal arrest and detention F.Positive obligations with respect to deprivation of liberty Ⅱ.Lawfulness of the detention under Article 5§1 A.Purpose of Article 5 B.Compliance with national law C.Review of compliance with national law D.General principlesE.The principle of legal certainty F.No arbitrariness G.Court order H.Reasoning of decisions and the requirement of nonarbitrariness I.Some acceptable procedural flaws J.Delay in executing order of release Ⅲ.Authorised deprivations of liberty under Article5§1 A.Detention after conviction B.Detention for noncompliance with a court order or legal obligation C.Detention on remand D.Detention of a minor E.Detention for medical or social reasons F.Detention of a foreigner Ⅳ.Guarantees for persons deprived of libertyA.Information on the reasons for arrest (Article 5§2) B.Right to be brought promptly before a judge (Article 5§3) C.Right to trial within a reasonable time or to be released pending trial (Article 5§3) D.Right to have lawfulness of detention speedily examinedby a court (Article 5§4) E.Right to compensation for unlawful detention (Article 5§5) List of cited cases《欧洲人权公约》第6条适用指南 获得公正审判的权利（民事部分） 读者须知 适用范围:“公民权利和义务”的概念 公约第6条第1款的一般适用条件 对其他争端形式的延伸适用 公约第6条对非主体诉讼程序的可适用性 被排除的争端事项 获得法院审判的权利 获得法院审判的权利 放弃权利 法律援助 制度要求 “审判机构”的概念 由法律所确立 独立和公正 程序要求 公平 公开审讯 诉讼期间援引案例一览 Chapter Ⅲ Guide on Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights Right to A Fair Trial(Civil Limb) Note to readers Ⅰ.Scope:the concept of “civil rights and obligations”A.General requirements for applicability of Article 6§1 B.Extension to other types of dispute C.Applicability of Article 6 to proceedings other than main proceedings D.Excluded matters Ⅱ.Right to acourt A.Right and access to a court B.Waiver C.Legal aid Ⅲ.Institutionalrequirements A.Concept of a “tribunal” B.Establishment by law C.Independence and impartiality Ⅳ.Procedural requirements A.Fairness B.Public hearing C.Length of proceedings List of cited cases《欧洲人权公约》第6条适用指南 获得公正审判的权利（刑事部分） 读者须知 适用范围:“刑事指控”的概念一、一般原则 二、一般原则的适用 第二节 向法院申诉的权利 一、限制 第三节 一般保障：制度要求 一、“审判机构”的概念 二、依法设立的审判机构 三、独立性和公正性 第四节 一般保障：程序要求 一、公正 二、公开审讯 三、合理的时间 第五节 具体保障 一、第6条第2款：无罪推定 二、第6条第3款：辩方的权利 第六节 第6条的域外效力 一、公然违背公正 二、“真实的风险”：审查标准和证明责任 援引案例一览 Chapter Ⅳ Guide on Article 6 of the European Convention onHuman Rights Right to A Fair Trial(Criminal Limb) Note to readers Ⅰ.Scope:the notion of “criminal charge” A.General principles B.Application of the general principles Ⅱ.Right of access to a court A.Limitations Ⅲ.General guarantees: institutional requirementsA.The notion of a “tribunal” B.Tribunal established by law C.Independence and impartiality Ⅳ.General guarantees: procedural requirements A.Fairness B.Public hearing C.Reasonable time Ⅴ.Specific guarantees A.The presumption of innocence (Article 6§2) B.Therights of the defence (Article 6§3) Ⅵ.Extraterritorial effect of Article 6 A.Flagrant denial of justice B.The “real risk”:standard and burden of proof List of cited cases 下 卷《欧洲人权公约》第7条适用指南 法无明文规定不得处罚：罪刑法定原则 读者须知 引言 范围 “认定有罪”的概念 “刑事犯罪”的概念 “法律”的概念 “刑罚”的概念 罪刑法定原则 可获得性 可预见性 刑法的法不溯及既往原则 总体考量 持续犯 累犯 较轻刑罚的溯及原则 第7条第2款：文明国家所认可的一般法律原则 欧洲人权法院在违反公约第7条的案件中所指示的措施援引案例一览 Chapter Ⅴ Guide on Article 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights No Punishment Without Law: thePrinciple that Only the Law Can Define A Crime and Prescribe A Penalty Note to readers Ⅰ.Introduction Ⅱ.Scope A.The concept of “finding of guilt” B.The concept of “criminal offence” C.The concept of “law” D.The concept of a “penalty” Ⅲ.Principle that onlythe law can define a crime and prescribe a penalty A.Accessibility B.Foreseeability Ⅳ.Principle of nonretroactivity of criminal law A.General considerations B.Continuing offences C.Recidivism Ⅴ.Principe of the retroactivity of the lighter penalty Ⅵ.Article7 § 2: the general principles of law recognised by civilised nations Ⅶ.Measures indicated by the Court in cases of violation of Article 7 of the Convention List of cited cases ......... .........