雅思9天突破9分/写作(学术类)

英语中有九类词：名词、动词、形容词、副词、冠词、代词、介词、数词、连词。 雅思写作需要词汇的多样性，这是一个人的词汇量以及用词精准性很好的体现。词汇 的多样性其实主要是“名词、动词、形容词和副词”的使用要富于变化，要会用同义替换。 否则，如果反复使用同一个词，考官会认为该考生的词汇量很有限。另外，通过同义替换 的方法还可以表达一些不会的词，以解决考场上忘词的情况对于冠词、代词、介词、数词和连词，考生能够准确使用就可以了，很少涉及同义替 换的问题。 下面分别讲解高频名词、动词、形容词和副词的同义替换。 一、 高频名词的替换 1. shortage n. 缺乏 同义词：scarcity n. 不足，缺乏 dearth n. 缺乏，稀少 lack n. 缺乏，不足 be short of 缺少 The shortage of water resources can be seen hither and thither in many remote areas. 在许 多偏远地区到处可以看到水资源的缺乏。 It is a common phenomenon that many remote areas are short of water resources. 许多偏远 地区缺少水资源是一种常见的现象。 2. gravity n. 严重性，重要性 同义词：severity n. 严重，严重性 Making the public aware of the gravity of environment preservation is what we are supposed to do now. 让大众意识到环境保护的重要性是我们现在应该做的。 Considering the severity of this issue, we have no choice but to take stringent measures to address it. 考虑到这个问题的严重性，我们除了采取严厉的措施来解决它别无选择。 3. convenience n. 方便 同义词：flexibility n. 灵活性 A car has become an essential part of many people’s lives thanks to its convenience. 由于汽 车很方便，它已经成为很多人生活中不可缺少的一部分。 Cars can offer flexibility to our life and work. 汽车可以给我们的生活和工作带来便利。 4. education n. 教育 同义词：schooling n. 学校教育 parenting n. 家庭教育 upbringing n. 教养，后天培养 As the ultimate element, education has played an essential role in human society. 作为*重 要的因素，教育已经在人类社会中发挥着至关重要的作用。 Upbringing plays an important part in determining a person’s character. 后天培养在决定 一个人的性格方面起着重要作用。 5. humanity n. 人类 同义词：mankind n. 人类humankind n. 人类 human race 人类 Taking into account all these factors, we can make a conclusion that the development of communication technology has provided humanity with efficiency and inevitable side effects. 考虑到所有这些因素，我们可以得出一个结论，通信技术的发展给人类带来了效率，同时也 带来了不可避免的副作用。 Along with the rapid acceleration of mankind’s civilisation, inevitably, almost every country has obtained gigantic reward from the enormous wave of globalisation. 随着人类文明的加速发 展，不可避免地，几乎每一个国家都从全球一体化的巨大浪潮中获得了巨大的收益。 6. influence n. 影响 同义词：impact n. 影响 implication n. 可能产生的后果 As one of the most striking inventions of the 20th century, the computer does make a significant contribution to education, yet its negative influence on children should be never ignored. 作为 20 世纪*伟大的发明之一，电脑对于教育的确做出了突出的贡献，然而，它 对孩子们的负面影响也不容忽视。 It is true that these modern communication tools have exerted a great impact on the types of interpersonal relationship. 诚然，这些现代化通信工具已经对人际关系的类型产生了巨大的 影响。 7. enjoyment n. 享受，乐趣 同义词：recreation n. 消遣，娱乐 entertainment n. 消遣，娱乐 pastime n. 消遣，娱乐 Some people think their jobs miserable, while others look upon the same work as enjoyment. 有些人认为他们的工作是痛苦的煎熬，而另一些人却把同样的工作看作是一种 享受。 Nowadays, around the world, people’s idea of shopping has been changed and they have begun to take shopping as a kind of entertainment rather than just buying things they need. 如今， 在世界各地，人们的购物观念已经改变。他们已经开始把购物当作一种娱乐，而不仅仅是购买他们所需要的东西。 8. employment n. 职业 同义词：career n. 生涯，职业 profession n. 职业，专业 job n. 工作 Nowadays population is growing much faster than employment opportunities. 如今，人口 的增长远远超过就业机会的增长。 Since work experience has been valued in a wide range of professions, people with a substantial amount of experience relating to their job have a higher likelihood of being successful. 由于工作 经验在很多职业中都很受重视，有大量相关工作经验的人成功的可能性就更高。 9. advantage n. 优点，好处 同义词：merit n. 价值，优点 superiority n. 优越，优等 virtue n. 美德，价值 There are many advantages to having school experience at a young age. 孩子们在很小的时候 就有学校生活的经历会为他们带来很多的好处。 Parents should tell kids it is a great virtue and honour to be polite to others. 父母应该告诉孩子对别人有礼貌是很重要的美德和荣誉。 10. responsibility n. 责任 同义词：obligation n. 义务，责任 duty n. 职责，责任 liability n. 责任 In the first place, we should strengthen the function and responsibility of family education. 首先，我们要加强家庭教育的功能和责任。 It is the children’s duty to look after the elder family members. 照顾年长的家庭成员是孩 子们的责任。 11. capacity n. 能力 同义词：ability n. 能力 power n. 能力，才能 skill n. 技能，才能 No doubt, the limited transport capacity contributes largely to the vexing problem. 毫无疑 问，有限的交通承受能力是这个棘手问题的主要原因。 A lot of example have amply certified the fact that lack of leisure time severely hampers the development of creative power. 很多事例充分证明了这个事实，那就是缺乏休闲时间会严重 阻碍创新能力的发展。 It is generally agreed that the ultimate purpose of most education is to furnish students with essential skills to cope with problems confronted when they step into society. 人们普遍认为，大 部分教育的*终目的是为学生提供必要的技能，以应对步入社会时所面临的问题。