包邮操作系统:现代观点:第2版:实验更新版:英文版

Preface　1
To the Student　1
To the Instructor　6

Chapter1　Introduction　1
1.1　Computers and Software　2
1.1.1　General System Software　2
1.1.2　Resource Abstraction　4
* IN THE HANGAR: A Disk Device Abstraction　5
1.1.3　Resource Sharing　6
1.1.4　Computers Without System Software　7
1.2　Operating System Strategies　8
* PERFORMANCE TUNING: Multiprogramming Systems　10
1.2.1　Batch Systems　10
* IN THE HANGAR: Batch Files　13
1.2.2　Timesharing Systems　14
1.2.3　Personal Computers and Workstations　16
1.2.4　Process Control and Real-time Systems　18
1.2.5　Networks　19
1.2.6　The Genesis of Modern Operating Systems　20
* IN THE HANGAR: The Evolution of Linux　21
* IN THE HANGAR: The Microsoft Windows Family of Operating Systems　23
1.3　Summary　25
1.4　Exercises　26

Chapter2　Using The Operating System　29
2.1　The Abstract Model of Computing　30
2.2　Resources　30
2.2.1　Files　30
* IN THE HANGAR: POSIX Files　31
* IN THE HANGAR: Windows Files　33
2.2.2　Other Resources　36
2.3　Processes　37
2.3.1　Creating Processes　39
* IN THE HANGAR: Using FORK, JOIN, and QUIT　40
* IN THE HANGAR: Creating Processes in UNIX　41
* IN THE HANGAR: Creating Processes in Windows　44
2.4　Threads　46
* IN THE HANGAR: C Threads　48
2.5　Objects　49
2.6　Summary　50
2.7　Exercises　50
* LABORATORY EXERCISE: A Shell Program　53
·Background　53
·Attacking the Problem　58
* LABORATORY EXERCISE: A Multithreaded Windows Console Application　61
·Background　61
·Attacking the Problem　65

Chapter3　Operating System Organization　71
3.1　Factors in OS Design　72
3.1.1　Performance　72
3.1.2　Protection and Security　73
3.1.3　Correctness　74
3.1.4　Maintainability　74
3.1.5　Commercial Influence on Operating Systems　74
3.1.6　Standards and Open Systems　75
3.2　Basic Functions　76
3.2.1　Device Management　77
3.2.2　Process and Resource Management　77
3.2.3　Memory Management　78
3.2.4　File Management　78
3.2.5　Functional Organization　79
3.3　Basic Implementation Considerations　80
3.3.1　Processor Modes　80
3.3.2　Kernels　81
3.3.3　Requesting Services from the Operating Systems　82
3.4　Summary　83
3.5　Exercises　84

Chapter4　Computer Organization　85
4.1　The von Neumann Architecture　86
4.2　The Central Processing Unit　88
4.2.1　The Arithmetical-Logical Unit　88
4.2.2　The Control Unit　89
4.3　Memory　91
* PERFORMANCE TUNING: Speeding up the Machine　92
* PERFORMANCE TUNING: Parallel Processors　94
4.4　Devices　95
4.4.1　General Device Characteristics　96
4.4.2　Device Controllers　97
* IN THE HANGAR: Asynchronous Serial Devices　98
4.4.3　Device Drivers　99
4.5　Interrupts　100
4.6　The Mode Bit Revisited: The Trap Instruction　103
4.7　Summary　104
4.8　Exercises　105
* LABORATORY EXERCISE: Kernel Timers　109
·Background　109
·Attacking the Problem　113

Chapter5　Device Management　119
5.1　Device Management Approaches　120
5.1.1　I/O System Organization　120
5.1.2　Direct I/O with Polling　121
5.1.3　Interrupt-driven I/O　123
* PERFORMANCE TUNING: Interrupts Versus Polling　126
5.1.4　Memory-mapped I/O　127
5.1.5　Direct Memory Access　128
* PERFORMANCE TUNING: I/O-Processor Overlap　129
5.2　Buffering　130
5.3　Device Drivers　134
5.3.1　The Device Driver Interface　134
5.3.2　CPU-device Interactions　137
5.3.3　I/O Optimization　138
5.4　Some Device Management Scenarios　138
5.4.1　Serial Communications　138
* IN THE HANGAR: UNIX Device Drivers　139
5.4.2　Sequentially Accessed Storage Devices　141
5.4.3　Randomly Accessed Devices　142
* PERFORMANCE TUNING: Optimizing Access on Rotating Devices　144
5.5　Summary　149
5.6　Exercises　150
* LABORATORY EXERCISE: A Floppy Disk Driver　153
·Background　154
·Attacking the Problem　158

Chapter6　Process Management　161
6.1　The System View of Process and Resources　162
6.1.1　Implementing the Process Model　163
6.1.2　Imp