包邮实用职业英语系列丛书:国贸英语

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　　中国加入wto之后，国际贸易越来越成为经济生活中一个不可或缺的部分。国际贸易也不再只是专业从事国际贸易业务人士、或者只是理论研究者所关注的问题，而是变成了平民百姓所关注的问题。　　 本册在编写结构上，以wto作为讨论的中心，围绕此中心展开，介绍当前国际贸易以及wto的概况，将wto的介绍与国际贸易的发展相结合。本册分为三个部分：国际贸易概况、国际贸易理论和国际贸易实务。以*新实用的英语材料为基础编写；以讲解分析专业英语为主，突出解析本学科的重点、难点、疑点问题；以拓宽读者知识面、迅速提高其专业英语水平为目标；以实际应用为宗旨，简化语法点，系统介绍本专业相关的背景知识；为了保持所选材料的客观性，可从网上或原版英语图书中选编，但为了避免版权纠纷，编者对所选材料进行了适当的补充与删改。　　 在**部分国际贸易概况中（1～3单元）介绍世界经济全球化之下的国际贸易组织与区域经济贸易一体化组织。　　 然后第二部分国际贸易理论中（4～8单元）介绍贸易的原因、贸易的福利，以及从货物贸易、服务贸易、知识产权贸易等三方面介绍贸易政策。　　 第三部分贸易实务中根据贸易的流程（8～18单元）介绍贸易前期、中期、后期所涉及到的贸易活动。建立贸易关系，相互了解，协商，价格、数量、质量，然后签订销售合同，在支付条件、运输条件、包装条件、贸易保险与索赔、委托代理等方面进行约定。

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It appears that two particular misconceptions about Incoterms are very common.First, Incoterms are frequently misunderstood as applying to the contract of carriage rather than to the contract of sale. Second, they are sometimes wrongly assumed to provide for all the duties which parties may wish to include in a contract of sale.As has always been underlined by ICC, Incoterms deal only with the relation between sellers and buyers under the contract of sale, and, moreover, only do so in some very distinct respects.While it is essential for exporters and importers to consider the very practical relationship between the various contracts needed to perform an international sales transaction- where not only the contract of sale is required, but also contracts of carriage, insurance and financing- Incoterms relate to only one of these contracts,namely the contract of sale.Nevertheless, the parties' agreement to use a particular Incoterm would necessarily have implications for the other contracts. To mention a few examples, a seller having agreed to a CFR-or CIF-contract cannot perform such a contract by any other mode of transport than carriage by sea, since under these terms he must present a bill of lading or other maritime document to the buyer which is simply not possible if other modes of transport are used. Furthermore, the document required under a documentary credit would necessarily depend upon the means of transport intended to be used.Second, Incoterms deal with a number of identified obligations imposed on the parties —— such as the seller's obligation to place the goods at the disposal Of the buyer or hand them over for carriage or deliver them at destination —— and with the distribution of risk between the parties in these cases.Further, they deal with the obligations to clear the goods for export and import, the packing of the goods, the buyer's obligation to take delivery as well as the obligation to provide proof that the respective