实用电路分析与实践

目 录
项目 1 电路及基本元件测试 ·················································································1
任务 1—1 仪器仪表的认知与使用····································································1
1.1 认识电路·························································································8
1.1.1 电路的基本概念 ·······································································8
1.1.2 描述电路的常见物理量 ······························································9
【拓展知识 1】 测量的知识 ············································································ 12
任务 1—2 电阻元件特性测试········································································ 16
1.2 电阻元件······················································································· 19
1.2.1 电阻的基本概念 ····································································· 19
1.2.2 线性电阻与非线性电阻 ···························································· 20
1.2.3 电导····················································································· 21
1.3 欧姆定律······················································································· 22
【拓展知识 2】 电阻的标注知识 ······································································ 24
任务 1—3 电源元件特性测试········································································ 26
1.4 理想电源······················································································· 28
1.4.1 理想电压源············································································ 28
1.4.2 理想电流源············································································ 32
1.5 实际电源······················································································· 35
1.5.1 实际电压源············································································ 35
1.5.2 实际电流源············································································ 36
1.6 电压源与电流源的等效互换······························································· 37
【拓展知识 3】 受控源的知识 ········································································· 39
任务 1—4 电容元件特性测试········································································ 40
1.7 电容元件······················································································· 43
1.7.1 电容的基本概念 ····································································· 43
1.7.2 电容元件的功率和储能 ···························································· 46
1.7.3 电容的串/并联········································································ 47
【拓展知识 4】 电容器的选取 ········································································· 49
任务 1—5 电感元件特性测试········································································ 51
1.8 电感元件······················································································· 52
1.8.1 电感的基本概念 ····································································· 52
1.8.2 电感的功率和储能 ·································································· 55
1.8.3 电感的串/并联········································································ 56
任务 1—6 基尔霍夫定律验证测试·································································· 59
1.9 电路中的电位与电压的关系······························································· 63
VI
1.10 基尔霍夫定律 ··············································································· 66
【拓展知识 5】 线图理论与基尔霍夫定律公式的独立性 ········································ 70
项目总结···································································································· 74
自测练习 1 ································································································· 77
项目 2 电路的等效变换与分析测试 ······································································ 80
任务 2—1 电阻等效变换的分析与测试···························································· 80
2.1 等效的概念···················································································· 82
2.2 电阻串/并联··················································································· 82
2.3 电阻的混联···················································································· 84
【拓展知识 6】 电阻串/并联的应用—电表的改装 ············································· 86
任务 2—2 电源的等效变换探究与