实用英文写作

chapter 1 applying words properly
　1.1 types of words
　　1.1.1 common words, technical words and nonstandard words
　　1.1.2 formal words and colloquial words
　　1.1.3 abstract words and concrete words
　　1.1.4 general words and specific words
　1.2 meanings of words
　　1.2.1 polysemy
　　1.2.2 denotation and connotation
　　1.2.3 context and meaning
　1.3 synonyms
　1.4 the use of words
　　1.4.1 collocation
　　1.4.2 the usage of a word
　　1.4.3 variety in using words
　1.5 idiom
　1.6 diction
　1.7 exercises
chapter 2 writing correct and effective sentences
　2.1 types of sentences
　　2.1.1 classified according to the elements
　　2.1.2 classified according to function
　　2.1.3 classified according to structure
　　2.1.4 classified according to length
　　2.1.5 classified according to rhetoric
　　2.1.6 exercises
　2.2 effective sentences
　　2.2.1 unity
　　2.2.2 conciseness
　　2.2.3 clarity
　　2.2.5 variety
　　2.2.6 emphasis within sentences
　　2.2.7 emphatic sentences
　　2.2.8 exercises
　2.3 sentence skills
　　2.3.1 complete sentences, minor sentences and sentence fragments
　　2.3.2 coherence and incoherence
　　2.3.3 fused sentences or run-on sentences
　　2.3.4 comma splices and comma faults
　2.4 effective sentence patterns for english writing
　2.5 exercises
chapter 3 paragraph
　3.1 isolated paragraph
　　3.1.1 controlling idea
　　3.1.2 support of the controlling idea 　　
　3.2 five-paragraph writing
　　3.2.1 introductory paragraph
　　3.2.2 topic sentence
　　3.2.3 central paragraph
　　3.2.4 concluding paragraph
　　3.2.5 transitional words and phrases
　　3.2.6 developing paragraph
　　3.2.7 exercises
chapter 4 writing a whole essay
　4.1 steps in writing a whole essay
　　4.1.1 planning
　　4.1.2 drafting
　　4.1.3 revision
　　4.1.4 finalizing
　4.2 main parts of an essay
　　4.2.1 the opening part
　　4.2.2 the developing part
　　4.2.3 the closing part
　4.3 types of writing
　　4.3.1 description
　　4.3.2 narration
　　4.3.3 argumentation
　　4.3.4 exposition
　4.4 exercises
chapter 5 practical writing
chapter6 cetwriting
chapter 7 writing a research paper
chapter 8 using rhetoric appropriately
chapter 9 punctuation and manuscript form
appendix
answers to exercises
references