敏捷实践指南(英文版)

Table of Contents

1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1

2. AN INTRODUCTION TO AGILE......................................................................................................7
2.1 Definable Work vs. High-Uncertainty Work......................................................................7
2.2 The Agile Manifesto and Mindset.....................................................................................8
2.3 Lean and the Kanban Method.........................................................................................12
2.4 Uncertainty, Risk, and Life Cycle Selection....................................................................13

3. LIFE CYCLE SELECTION.............................................................................................................17
3.1 Characteristics of Project Life Cycles.............................................................................18
3.1.1 Characteristics of Predictive Life Cycles...........................................................20
3.1.2 Characteristics of Iterative Life Cycles..............................................................21
3.1.3 Characteristics of Incremental Life Cycles........................................................22
3.1.4 Characteristics of Agile Life Cycles....................................................................24
3.1.5 Agile Suitability Filters........................................................................................25
3.1.6 Characteristics of Hybrid Life Cycles.................................................................26
3.1.7 Combined Agile and Predictive Approaches......................................................27
3.1.8 Predominantly Predictive Approach with Some Agile Components.................28
3.1.9 A Largely Agile Approach with a Predictive Component...................................28
3.1.10 Hybrid Life Cycles as Fit-For-Purpose..............................................................29
3.1.11 Hybrid Life Cycles as Transition Strategy........................................................30
3.2 Mixing Agile Approaches................................................................................................31
3.3 Project Factors That Influence Tailoring........................................................................32

4. IMPLEMENTING AGILE: CREATING AN AGILE ENVIRONMENT.................................................33
4.1 Start with an Agile Mindset............................................................................................33
4.2 Servant Leadership Empowers the Team.......................................................................33
4.2.1 Servant Leader Responsibilities.........................................................................34
4.2.2 Role of the Project Manager in an Agile Environment.......................................37
4.2.3 Project Managers Use Servant Leadership........................................................38
4.3 Team Composition...........................................................................................................38
4.3.1 Agile Teams.........................................................................................................39
4.3.2 Agile Roles...........................................................................................................40
4.3.3 Generalizing Specialists......................................................................................42
4.3.4 Team Structures..................................................................................................43
4.3.5 Dedicated Team Members..................................................................................44
4.3.6 Team Workspaces...............................................................................................46
4.3.7 Overcoming Organizational Silos.......................................................................47

5. IMPLEMENTING AGILE: DELIVERING IN AN AGILE ENVIRONMENT.........................................49
5.1 Charter the Project and the Team...................................................................................49
5.2 Common Agile Practices.................................................................................................50
5.2.1 Retrospectives.....................................................................................................50
5.2.2 Backlog Preparation...........................................................................................52
5.2.3 Backlog Refinement............................................................................................52
5.2.4 Daily Standups....................................................................................................53
5.2.5 Demonstrations/Reviews....................................................................................55
5.2.6 Planning for Iteration-Based Agile.....................................................................55
5.2.7 Execution Practices that Help Teams Deliver Value..........................................56
5.2.8 How Iterations and Increments Help Deliver Working Product.........................57
5.3 Troubleshooting Agile Project Challenges.....................................................................57
5.4 Measurements in Agile Projects.....................................................................................60
5.4.1 Agile Teams Measure Results............................................................................61

6. ORGANIZATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR PROJECT AGILITY...............................................71
6.1 Organizational Change Management.............................................................................71
6.1.1 Drivers for Change Management........................................................................73
6.1.2 Readiness for Change.........................................................................................73
6.2 Organizational Culture.....................................................................................................75
6.2.1 Creating an Environment of Safety.....................................................................75
6.2.2 Assessing Culture...............................................................................................75
6.3 Procurement and Contracts............................................................................................77
6.4 Business Practices..........................................................................................................79
6.5 Multiteam Coordination and Dependencies (Scaling)...................................................80
6.5.1 Frameworks........................................................................................................80
6.5.2 Considerations....................................................................................................80
6.6 Agile and the Project Management Office (PMO)...........................................................81
6.6.1 An Agile PMO is Value-Driven.............................................................................81
6.6.2 An Agile PMO is Invitation-Oriented...................................................................81
6.6.3 An Agile PMO is Multidisciplinary......................................................................82
6.7 Organizational Structure.................................................................................................83
6.8 Evolving the Organization.................................................................................