斯文凉州

　　《斯文凉州（英文版）》：　　A part of the Western Qiang people later went east and merged with the people in Shaanxi. Later, the Yuezhi people came in, and they merged with these people. Some think that the Yuezhi people are the descendants of the Qiang people. Another part of Western Qiang people went to Tibet. The high cheek bones and feet shape of many Tibetans are very similar to those of the Western Qiang. Therefore, the Tibetans should be one of the oldest ethnic groups of China. Now it is said that Tibet was incorporated into the Chinese territory after the Yuan Dynasty signed an agreement in Wuwei. Before that, it seemed to be out of Chinese territory. The ancient Yongzhou should have included Tibet, for the Qiang people had already been absorbed in China. They slowly disappeared after various migrations. It is said that one tribe of the ancient Qiang people followed Queen Mother of the West to the west. Traces of them are found in Gansu, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Tibet, and other places to the west of Chinese border. The Qiang people is one of our ancestors.　　The Xiongnu, another ancient nation, also lived in the Hexi Corridor. It is recorded that they were descendants of the Qiang people, so they were also descendants of Sanmiao. As for their origin, critics have different opinions. Some said that they developed from the west, but some believed that they came from the grassland in the north, that is, Mongolia. At that time, Mongolia, including the entire Inner Mongolia and Outer Mongolia, was within Jiuzhou. After the Xiongnu came from the north, they developed into three parts. One of them was in today's Shandong and northeast China; another part was in the Yellow River basin in today's Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Ningxia; and the third part was in the west. They designated their chiefs in accordance with directions. Facing south, on the west was the Worth Prince of the Right, and on the east was the Worth Prince of the Left. It was the Worth Prince of the Right who ruled the vast Hexi area. The Xiongnu probably rose when First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty was busy unifying China. They controlled the entire Hexi area and prepared to invade the Central Plains. First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty sent General Meng Tian to beat them back, and his army annihilated 100,000 Xiongnu soldiers. The Xiongnu was severely weakened, and did not become strong again until the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. When the Xiong nu was defeated again by Emperor Wu, they retreated all the way to the west, breaking up the entire Eurasian continent, and splitting the ancient Roman Empire into two countries： Eastern Rome and Western Rome. It is said that the Xiongnu later integrated into various European countries and could not be found. There is another saying that today's Hungary is founded by them.　　The Xiongnu and the Western Qiang people have very similar customs. The Xiongnu had a very powerful Shanyu named Modu. He wanted to develop his country. When he saw his father was afraid to move forward, he killed his father and took the throne. It was normal for the Xiongnu to kill the father. As long as he surpassed his father, he could replace him. Later, the Xiongnu moved to the west. Some people said that Russia and other countries were also founded by descendants of the Xiongnu. In any case, the Xiongnu are still a group of nomads who grew up on the northern grasslands. They fought their way through continuous integration and continuous renewal. The Xiongnu was also a nation that renewed China. They had lived in the Hexi Corridor for many years, and then were driven away by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and scattered into various places. Anyway, the Xiongnu people are a branch of ancient ancestors that lived in the Hexi corridor.　　……