Optical Sensing and Measurement-光学传感与测量-英文版

Chapter 1 Nature of Light 1 1.1 Light—Wave or Stream of Particles? 1 1.1.1 What is a wave? 1 1.1.2 Evidence for wave properties of light 2 1.1.3 Evidence for light as a stream of particles 2 1.2 Features of A Wave 3 1.3 Electromagnetic Wave 4 1.3.1 A periodic, sinusoidal wave 4 1.3.2 Huygens wavelets 7 1.4 Maxwells Equations 9 1.4.1 Classical electrodynamics 13 1.4.2 Properties of photons 16 1.5 Reflection，Snells Law 19 1.5.1 Reflection 19 1.5.2 Total internal reflection 21 1.6 Fresnel Equations 22 1.7 Fermats Principle 29 1.7.1 Fermats principle yields Snells law. 31 1.7.2 The single slit 42 1.8 Interference 49 1.8.1 Constructive and destructive interference 50 1.8.2 Youngs doubleslit interference experiment 51 1.9 Diffraction 54 1.9.1 Diffraction 54 1.9.2 Diffraction by a single slit 55 1.9.3 Diffraction grating 57 Chapter 2 Polarization 61 2.1 Polarization of Light Waves 61 2.2 Law of Malus 64 2.3 Polarization by Reflection and Brewsters Angle 66 2.4 Brewster Windows in A Laser Cavity 68 2.5 Polarization and Electromagnetic Effects 69 Chapter 3 Fiber Optics 79 3.1 Geometrical Optics 79 3.2 Wave Optics 81 3.3 Optical Connectors 88 3.4 Optical Fiber Measurements 90 3.5 Fiberoptic Communication 94 3.6 Integrated Optics 97 Chapter 4 Stimulated Emission Devices Lasers 104 4.1 Light Amplification, Resonators 104 4.2 Types and Operating Principles 115 Chapter 5 Sources and Detectors 122 5.1 The Source of Light 122 5.2 Radiometric Quantities 123 5.3 Photometric Quantities 124 5.4 Radiation Laws 129 5.5 Optical Detectors 131 5.5.1 Light detection 131 5.5.2 Detector characteristics 134 5.5.3 Noise considerations 138 5.5.4 Types of detectors 142 5.5.5 Calibration 156 5.5.6 Power supplies for optical detectors 158 References 162