焊接科学与工程专业英语/吴志生

Chapter 1Welding Technology Fundamental1 11Modern Engineering Structural Material1 12Mechanical Property of Metal Material3 13Thermophysical Property of Metal Material4 131Specific Heat4 132Thermal Expansion5 133Thermal Conductivity5 134Melting Point or Melting Range5 135Thermionic Work Function6 14Principal Types of Heat Treatment of Steel6 15Arc Physics6 151Stability of Electric Arc6 152Stability of AC Arc 8 Chapter 2Arc Welding Power Source16 21Classification of Power Source16 211AC Power Supplies16 212DC power supplies19 213Inverse Source of Arc Welding20 22Electrical Characteristics of Power Source21 221Constant Voltage21 222Constant Current21 223Combined ConstantCurrent and ConstantVoltage Characteristics22 23Selecting and Specifying a Power Source22 Chapter 3Arc Welding Process25 31Shielded MetalArc Welding25 32Gas ShieldedArc Welding27 321Specific Advantages of Gasshielded Arc28 322Types of GasShielded Arc Processes28 323Gas Tungsten ArcTig28 324Gas Metal ArcMig31 325CO2 Welding34 326Pulsed Arc Welding35 33Submerged Arc Welding Fundamentals of the process36 331Definition and general description36 332Principles of operation37 34Plasma Arc Welding38 341Keyhole Action39 342Arc Shaping39 343Operating Data39 344Applications40 345Summary40 Chapter 4Other Welding Methods41 41Resistance Welding41 411Introduction41 412Resistance Spot Welding(RSW)42 413Projection Welding44 414Resistance Seam Welding (RSEW)45 415Upset Butt Welding 46 416Flash Butt Welding47 42Friction Stir Welding49 421Introduction49 422Principles50 423Friction Stir Tool51 424Friction Stirring Imperfections55 43Laser Beam Welding56 431Introduction56 432Principles58 433Metals Welded60 434Machines60 435Parameters and Technology62 44Electron Beam Welding63 441Introduction63 442Principles64 443Variations66 444Equipment67 445Safety68 Chapter 5Welding Metallurgy69 51Chemical Reactions in Welding69 511Overview69 512GasMetal Reactions70 513SlagMetal Reactions 79 52Weld Metal Solidification85 521Epitaxial Growth at Fusion Boundary85 522Nonepitaxial Growth at Fusion Boundary86 523Competitive Growth in Bulk Fusion Zone87 524Effect of Welding Parameters on Grain Structure88 525Weld Metal Nucleation Mechanisms89 526Grain Structure Control94 53The Microstructure and Properties of Heataffected Zone97 531Welding Thermal Cycle98 532The Microstructure Changesin the HAZ98 533Hardness Distribution in the HAZ101 534Welding Cracks in the HAZ105 Chapter 6Weldability of Material109 61Weldability of Material and Testing Method109 611Weldability of Material109 612Weldability Evaluation and Test Method112 62Weldability of low carbon steel114 621Metallurgy of the liquid weld metal114 622Solidification and solidification cracking119 623Stress intensification,embrittlement and cracking of fusion welds below the solidus121 624Lamellar tearing124 625Reheat Cracking125 63Weldability of Magnesium and Its Alloys128 631Alloys and Welding Procedures128 632Oxide Film Removal128 633Cracking128 634Mechanical Properties129 635Corrosion Resistance and Fire Risk129 Chapter 7Residual Stresses,Distortion and Fatigue130 71Residual stresses130 711Development of residual stresses130 712Analysis of Residual Stresses131 72Distortion133 721Cause133 722Remedies133 73Fatigue134 731Mechanism134 732Fractography135 733SN Curves135 734Effect of Joint Geometry135 735Effect of Stress Raisers136 736Effect of Corrosion137 737Remedies137 74Case Studies138 741Failure of a Steel Pipe Assembly138 742Failure of a Ball Mill138 Chapter 8Automation of Welding140 81Introduction of Automatic Welding System140 82Flexible Automation of Welding143 83ARC Welding Robots145 831Introduction145 832Robot Manipulator Configuration147 833Robot Welding Application151 834Buying a Welding Robot154 835Robot Safety154 84Controls for Automatic Arc Welding156 841Automatic Welding Controllers156 842Robot Controllers159 843Teaching the Robot159 844Robot Memory161 845Weld Execution161 85Sensors and Adaptive Control162 851Introduction162 852Contact Sensors164 853Noncontact Sensor Systems165 86Tooling and Fixtures168 Chapter 9Welding Quality Inspection171 91Welding Defects171 911Definition and Types171 912Cracks171 913Porosity172 914Solid Inclusion172 915Lack of Fusion and Inadequate or incomplete penetration173 916Imperfect Shape173 92Nondestructive Testing174 921Radiographic Testing174 922Ultrasonic Testing(UT)177 923Magnetic Particle Inspection(MPI)178 924Liquid Penetrant Testing(PT)179 93Destructive Test182 931Tension Tests182 932Bend Tests182 933Charpy Tests183 934Hardness Testing183 94Radiograph Interpretation184 941General Welding Discontinuities184 942Other Discontinuities188 References190