包邮公共事业管理专业英语

　　《公共事业管理专业英语》：　　2.4.2 Managing Organs of Public Cultural Services in China　　Most of China's public cultural services are-managed by the Chinese government on five different levels.　　Top level: central departments, including Ministry of Culture and State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television.　　The Ministry of Culture is the national administrative organ for cultural and art undertakings. According to the plan approved by the State Council in March 1989, its main powers and responsibilities are: to administer art undertakings, mass cultural undertakings, libraries, cultural undertakings in minority nationality areas and the cultural work of juveniles and children; to administer training and education of cultural and art personnel, scientific research on art, and scientific and technological work on culture and the arts; to administer art markets and cultural and art exchange with Taiwan, and cultural and art exchange and liaison with foreign countries; to administer the State Cultural Relics Bureau.　　Second level: province, autonomous region and municipality directly under the central government. Corresponding organs are set up in the governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing, including a provincial or municipal cultural bureau, bureau of press, publication, radio, film and television.　　Third level: city and prefecture. For the most part only cultural bureaus are set up in governments at this level.　　Fourth level: county. Only cultural bureaus.　　Fifth level: township and town. Each township （town） government appoints a cadre in charge of cultural undertakings.　　2.4.3 Development of Public Cultural Services in China　　In recent years, Party committees, governments and cultural departments at various levels, in light of the decisions and arrangements by the central leadership, took as the objective a modem public cultural service system that covers the whole society and guarantees the people's basic　　cultural rights. As a result, overall progress has been made with breakthroughs in key sectors, investment in public culture has continued to increase, a public cultural service network that reaches all urban and rural areas has taken shape, major cultural programs benefiting the people have been proceeding steadily, innovative approaches have been developed and implemented, the level of equality in public cultural service has been significantly raised, and public cultural service has become more institutionalized and standardized.　　According to statistics, spending on culture reached 140 billion RMB yuan nationwide in the first three years of the 12th Five-Year Plan period, exceeding the total of the 11th Five-Year Plan period which registered 122 billion RMB yuan. Since the policy of free access to public cultural facilities was launched in 2008, the central government has earmarked nearly 20 billion RMB yuan as support. As a result, public libraries and cultural centers have been setup in every county and comprehensive cultural stations in every township. Over the past few years, a number of major cultural programs have been initiated to benefit the general public, such as the nationwide project for sharing of cultural information resources, the project for the promotion of digital　　libraries, the project for the construction of public E-reading rooms, the project for mobile stage vehicles, and the project for the training of cultural professionals at the grassroots level. About 50,000 museums, art museums, libraries and cultural stations nationwide have been opened to public for free. The construction of national pilot zones on the public cultural service system has been kicked off, with an aim to gather experience and seek feasible approaches. The Spring Rain Project, an initiative that cultural volunteers serve frontier areas, facilitated coastal and inland areas' cultural aid to and cultural exchange with frontier provinces. Various measures have been adopted to guarantee cultural rights of peasant workers, the senior, children and the handicapped. Official documents have been formulated to regulate the land use, construction and service of public libraries and cultural centers. Legislation process for the Law on Guaranteeing Public Cultural Service and the Law on Public Libraries is proceeding well.　　……