视阅口译的认知研究

　　《中国外语研究学海文丛：视阅口译的认知研究》：　　ST is a widely-applied activity in translation pedagogy. Sawyer (2004) refers to the fact that 30 to 50 percent of translation classes' time in Spain is spent on ST. ST is a main component of the common translation programs. ST refers to orally translating a written text while reading ahead. ST is a unique practice that could be considered a hybrid of two specialized disciplines. It occurs when an on-assignment interpreter is required to read a document in one language and relate its contents out loud in another language. The practice of ST can be used in courtrooms, hospitals, meetings, conferences and many other events. Since both oral and visual forms of information processing are involved, ST can be defined as "a specific type of written translation as well as a variant of oral interpretation" (Lambert, 2004: 298). Jean Herbert (1952) regards ST as one type of SI and many scholars agree with this view at least from a theoretical perspective.　　ST appears to be a rather unexplored phenomenon and a hybrid of a little translation and a little interpreting, integrating reading comprehension, segmenting sentences, memorizing, oral translating and more demandingly, coordination between reading and speaking. This peculiar nature makes ST a challenge to interpreters. ST is an important employable skill for community interpreters and ST training is designed to assist students in "understanding legal and other written documents commonly used in civil and criminal courts and to translate these documents orally in the target language in a public situation, and the criteria for ST are clarity and fluency, coherence, cultural appropriateness, factual and linguistic accuracy, register, speed, timeliness, tone, volume and voice projection."　　……